| 1 |
Author(s):
Dr. Jannifer H. Sykes.
Country:
United States
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
1-14 |
The Impact of Whole Language Practices on the Reading Instruction of Second-Grade African American Males
Abstract
Research consistently shows African American boys in the early elementary grades often lag behind their peers in reading proficiency. This reading gap is particularly evident in under-resourced communities, where high-quality, culturally responsive instruction is often limited and governed by the principles of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) legislation, which emphasizes accountability and equity in ensuring all students succeed. This study investigated whether alternative instructional approaches can lead to improved outcomes for struggling readers. Specifically, this study examined the impact of whole language instructional practices on the reading achievement of second-grade African American boys, age 7 to 8 years, in a rural Title I elementary school serving approximately 119 students.In this research study, a group of second-grade African American boys received reading instruction using a whole language approach, which focuses on meaning-making, context, and student engagement with authentic texts, in contrast to traditional phonics-based instruction. Pre- and post-assessment reading data were collected to analyze the correlation between instructional method and reading performance. The results indicated whole language practices had a positive influence on reading achievement for the participating students. These findings show that incorporating whole language strategies may provide a more effective and inclusive approach to improving literacy outcomes for African American boys in alignment with the goals of NCLB, and adopting a whole language approach may be a viable strategy to enhance literacy outcomes among African American boys in similar educational settings.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Sayantika Bhattacharjee, Prof. (Dr.) Prem Shankar Srivastava.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
15-25 |
Need of Social Skill among Prospective Teachers: A Conceptual Study
Abstract
In contemporary teacher education, subject-matter knowledge and pedagogical proficiency are no longer sufficient for preparing effective educators. This paper examines the critical need for developing social skills among prospective teachers—skills such as empathy, active listening, adaptive communication, conflict resolution, collaboration, reflective awareness, and emotional self-regulation. These interpersonal and intrapersonal competencies form the backbone of successful teaching in today’s diverse, inclusive, and socially dynamic classrooms. Drawing upon a mixed-methods synthesis of empirical studies, program evaluations, and theoretical literature, this paper identifies key domains of social skills essential for pre-service teacher development. The review highlights evidence-based interventions including explicit instruction in pro-social behaviors (e.g., turn-taking, polite refusals, active listening), experiential learning through project-based collaboration, reflective journaling, mentorship dialogues, and digital simulation tools. Studies consistently show that these interventions improve prospective teachers’ classroom management, relational confidence, group facilitation, emotional sensitivity, and their ability to maintain respectful classroom norms. The findings also demonstrate that embedding structured social skill training within teacher education curricula enhances not only individual teacher effectiveness but also broader classroom dynamics—promoting inclusive participation, student engagement, and resilience in the face of classroom challenges. In particular, simulation-based practices and dialogic mentoring offer low-risk environments for candidates to rehearse complex social interactions, while community partnerships foster real-world empathy and cooperation. This paper argues that without a deliberate and systemic focus on relational competence, many future educators may enter the profession technically prepared but socially underdeveloped—undermining both student outcomes and teacher retention. Therefore, teacher education programs must integrate comprehensive, scaffold training in social competencies alongside academic and pedagogical instruction. Recommendations include embedding social-skill modules into core teacher education curricula, fostering reflective practice through journaling and peer dialogue, leveraging AI-based simulation platforms, and cultivating mentorship-driven communities of practice. These strategies, when sustained and contextually tailored, can equip pre-service teachers to navigate the interpersonal complexities of 21st-century classrooms with empathy, clarity, and resilience.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Divya Prakash, Ravi Kant.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
26-42 |
Evaluating AI-TPACK in Education: A Qualitative SWOC Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Integration in Teaching and Learning
Abstract
Recently, artificial intelligence technologies that emulate human capabilities or occupations have emerged as a prominent concern. Research on AI-Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (AI-TPACK) has significantly increased. Several educational technology review studies have identified issues and patterns in AI-TPACK research conducted over the past few years. The integration of artificial intelligence technologies globally and their application in educational settings necessitates an evaluation of the existing strengths and weaknesses, as well as the opportunities and challenges they present. Education has partially utilised the potential of artificial intelligence (AI). Teachers must possess specialised technological and pedagogical knowledge regarding AI to successfully incorporate it in education. Nevertheless, this research aims to analyse AI-TPACK in education through SWOC analysis. A qualitative research methodology was employed to elucidate. The current study aims to analyse the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges of AI-TPACK. The results indicated that increased knowledge of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges of AI-TPACK improves learners' understanding of the pedagogical benefits of AI. Furthermore, it highlights the necessity for ongoing professional development for educators, ensuring they are well-equipped to navigate the evolving landscape of technology in teaching. By fostering a deeper comprehension of these elements, educational institutions can better prepare both teachers and students for a future increasingly influenced by artificial intelligence.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Simona Serafimovska, Natka Jankova Aladjozovska, Dalibor Serafimovski.
Country:
North Macedonia
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
43-56 |
Attitudes of Primary School Students About the Role of Computer Video Games in Learning English: Case Study in North Macedonia
Abstract
The majority of research on video games focuses on children and teenagers, though the age range of players has expanded. Most studies emphasize elementary school students, who are generally enthusiastic about gaming. Our research focused on this group across several elementary schools in the southeastern part of North Macedonia.
The results demonstrate correlations and comparisons that align with current trends. Internet access plays a key role in gaming, with 86% of respondents having access, compared to 98% of Australian teenagers. Our findings reveal that 51% of students want to play video games, and 31% play daily. Additionally, 71% believe video games help in learning English, particularly by enhancing motivation, vocabulary, conversation, listening, and overall language skills.
Furthermore, 51% of students view gaming as a fun activity shared with peers. Meanwhile, 98% stated they are not allowed to play video games in the classroom. Opinions remain divided on whether video games should be integrated into English language learning.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Pankaj Kumar Mahato.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Commerce
Page No:
57-68 |
India’s Sustainable Ascent: Integrating Economic Growth with SDGs for Global Leadership
Abstract
This article examines the imperative of harmonizing India's rapid economic expansion with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The research objectives include analyzing the alignment between economic growth and SDGs, identifying challenges and opportunities in achieving sustainability, evaluating policy effectiveness, and proposing a roadmap for accelerated SDG achievement and global leadership. Employing a qualitative, descriptive, and analytical research design, the study relies on secondary data from academic literature, government reports, and NITI Aayog's SDG India Index. Major findings reveal India's strong institutional commitment to SDGs, evidenced by progress in poverty reduction and renewable energy. However, challenges persist from historical environmentally impactful growth, data reliability issues, and social disparities. Opportunities lie in green finance and decentralized governance. The paper concludes by proposing a roadmap for enhanced policy coherence, strengthened data ecosystems, diversified financial mobilization, inclusive growth strategies, and proactive global leadership to cement India's role in a sustainable future.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Issa Kansaye.
Country:
Mali
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
69-86 |
The Dynamics of Regional Integration in East Africa: Institutional Developments and Policy Challenges
Abstract
This paper analyzes the East African Community (EAC), an ambitious regional integration effort established in 2000 and encompassing seven member states: Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. The study delves into the historical backdrop of East African regionalism, the EAC's institutional structure, and its progress across four pillars: the Customs Union, Common Market, Monetary Union, and Political Federation. The research highlights the bloc's achievements, including enhanced intra-regional trade, infrastructure development, and labor mobility. However, it also addresses persistent obstacles such as political instability, economic disparities, non-tariff barriers, and inconsistent commitment among members. Drawing on policy documents, economic reports, and academic literature, the qualitative study identifies both catalysts and impediments to integration. By comparing the EAC to other blocs like ECOWAS and the European Union, the paper offers valuable lessons. It concludes that the EAC's long-term success depends on stronger political will, harmonized national policies, improved institutional capacity, and inclusive development. The paper offers policy recommendations to deepen integration and promote sustainable development, contributing to the broader understanding of African regionalism.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Soumen Das.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Sociology
Page No:
87-97 |
Food Meaning and Migrant Identity: A Sociological Analysis of Chakma Ritual Cuisine through the FMD Framework
Abstract
This study explores how the migrated Chakma community in New Town, Kolkata, preserves cultural identity and resists acculturation through ceremonial food practices. Drawing upon ethnographic fieldwork and qualitative interviews with forty respondents, it interprets the meanings of traditional dishes such as Pajon, Hebang, and Sidol-based curries through the Food Meaning Dimensions (FMD) framework (Aktaş-Polat & Polat, 2020). The analysis situates food as a “total social fact” that links ritual, memory, and adaptation. Findings reveal that food serves three sociological functions: it embodies consumption as moral and ecological practice, transfer as intergenerational pedagogy—especially through women’s labor—and identity as symbolic resistance in urban diaspora. Despite migration-induced constraints, the Chakmas practice what this paper terms adaptive conservation, maintaining cultural essence through flexible innovation. Through the lens of Bourdieu’s cultural capital, Mead’s symbolic interactionism, and Appadurai’s gastro-politics, the research argues that food operates as a living archive of belonging, transforming displacement into resilience and everyday cooking into a subtle act of cultural continuity.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Marwan Alkozai.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Public Administration
Page No:
98-109 |
Impact of international NGO’S in managing natural disaster in Afghanistan
Abstract
Afghanistan's interior environment, with scorching summers and harsh winters, is prone
to intense and recurring natural disasters. The country's dry and rainy season cycle is a serious
issue that regularly leads to disasters owing to a lack of planning, high susceptibility, and weak
adaptation and coping skills. Afghanistan has relied on international donations to control disaster
and pests, with the support of non-governmental organizations (NGO’S), because it is unable to
handle them independently.
In this environment, international non-governmental organizations (NGO’S) have played
an important role in disaster response, relief distribution, rehabilitation, and capacity
development efforts. Their engagement not only offers urgent humanitarian assistance, but also
helps to build long-term resilience through community training, infrastructure support, and
disaster preparedness initiatives. However, problems like as political instability, poor governance,
insufficient cooperation with local institutions, and security limitations frequently undermine the
effectiveness of their operations. The purpose of this study is to assess the overall impact of
international non-governmental organizations (NGO’S) in managing natural disasters in
Afghanistan, evaluating both their accomplishments and limits, as well as to explore strategies to
increase collaboration between foreign actors and national systems for long-term disaster
management. 1
I am going to explain through this research paper that how many none governmental
organization are involved in, how many percent of them are effectible in improving of
Afghanistan’s ability, Are there some challenges here.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Rakesh Kumar.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Geography
Page No:
110-118 |
Influence of the Spatial Distribution of Russia’s Oil, Gas, and Mineral Reserves on Its Regional Development and Geopolitical Strategies
Abstract
The spatial distribution of Russia's oil, gas, and mineral reserves, predominantly concentrated in remote Siberian, Arctic, and Far Eastern regions, profoundly shapes its regional development and geopolitical strategies. This paper examines how this uneven allocation drives economic disparities, infrastructure investments, and environmental challenges domestically, while enabling energy diplomacy, export diversification, and territorial assertions internationally. Drawing on a synthesis of academic literature, policy documents, and geospatial analyses, the study reveals a dual-edged impact: resource wealth bolsters fiscal revenues and global influence but exacerbates vulnerabilities amid sanctions, climate change, and market shifts. Findings suggest that while reserves in Western Siberia and the Arctic shelf underpin export-oriented growth, they contribute to regional polarization and geopolitical tensions. The paper concludes with recommendations for sustainable management, emphasizing diversification and international cooperation to mitigate risks.
| 10 |
Author(s):
Mr. Aman Kumar, Prof. Pranav Kumar, Selene Cannelli.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
119-132 |
Space for the Global South: Navigating a New Frontier of International Collaboration
Abstract
The exploration and use of space, a domain of virtually infinite resources, is governed by the foundational principle that its benefits should be open to all humanity. This principle, enshrined in the Outer Space Treaty (OST) of 1967, mandates international cooperation for the peaceful and sustainable use of space. However, a significant disparity exists between this ideal and the current reality. The development and exploitation of space technology remain concentrated within a few nations in the Global North. This condition creates a dependency for nations in the Global South, which despite representing over 80% of the world's population and 40% of its GDP are often marginalised in the space sector due to gaps in scientific advancement and economic capacity. The space-based technologies are increasingly critical for daily life and for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), bridging this divide is imperative. This study contends that states in the Global South can mitigate this dependency by formulating and implementing national space policies aligned with the OST's utilitarian and cooperative principles. Employing a qualitative research methodology, this study analyses secondary data and multiple case studies of national space programmes submitted by Global South nations to the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA). The research investigates how these nations foster international collaboration and reduce their reliance on the Global North. The findings indicate that well-articulated national space programmes not only enhance South-South cooperation but also attract foreign direct investment, thereby contributing to national economic development. Ultimately, this research demonstrates that endogenous space technology development in the Global South, coupled with strategic international partnerships is key to harnessing local resources and advancing the equitable benefits of space for all.
Keywords: global south, OST, South-South Cooperation, Space, Utilitarianism
| 11 |
Author(s):
Tuan Minh Tran, Loc Nguyen, Long Phan.
Country:
Vietnam
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
133-146 |
Internal Factors Affecting High School Students’ Career Choices: A Literature Review
Abstract
This study conducts a systematic literature review to systematize and deeply analyze the theoretical models and concepts of core internal factors influencing high school students’ career choices. Driven by the recognized limitations in career guidance and the fragmented theoretical analysis of intrinsic variables, the systematic literature review methodology was used to synthesize reputable academic literature from 1980 onwards. The review focused on eight key internal factors: personality, interests, ability perception, vocational values, self-awareness, self-efficacy, career goals, and life and learning experiences. The analysis confirmed the central and determining role of these factors in vocational identity and decision-making. Key findings highlight that the alignment between internal traits and occupational demands is critical for job satisfaction and commitment. Specifically, self-awareness acts as the crucial meta-factor regulating accurate self-assessment, while self-efficacy and career goals serve as powerful motivators for proactive exploration and persistence. This research contributes an integrated theoretical framework clarifying the complex interplay of these factors. The findings imply that career guidance must prioritize self-awareness development and self-efficacy enhancement, coupled with real-world experiences. This framework provides a solid scientific foundation for future empirical studies and the design of more effective intervention programs for high school students.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Utpal Mandal.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
147-156 |
Reassessing the British Raj; Socio-Political Transformation and Marginalization of the Namasudra (Dalit) Community in Colonial Bengal
Abstract
Abstract
The present study is primarily based on secondary sources, including books, research articles, and other scholarly works. This article dealt with the socio-political and spiritual movement of the Dalit Namasudra community in colonial Bengal. The paper analyzes the stigma associated with the term ‘Chandal’ which was ascribed to the Namasudras by the caste Hindu in Bengali society. Through an analysis of their socio-political mobility, the study seeks to evaluate the contribution of British rule and its administrative policies on the Namasudras life. Ultimately, the research focuses on two principal aspects: the impact of British rule on the Namasudra community, and the extent to which the rise of the Namasudras assertion and changed the political landscape of colonial Bengal.
| 13 |
Author(s):
Raj Kumar.
Country:
India
Research Area:
History
Page No:
157-165 |
Agrarian Foundations and Urban Networks: Understanding the Rural–Urban Continuum of Ancient Kashmir.
Abstract
Abstract
This study examines the rural-urban continuum in ancient Kashmir, emphasizing how a productive agrarian base supported urban centers, market towns, and religious sites. Rice cultivation, boosted by state-led irrigation projects such as those under engineer Suyya during King Avantivarman’s reign, formed the economic foundation. High-value crops, such as saffron and grapes, have added to the wealth and trade. Urban centers, including Srinagara and newer cities such as Parihasapura and Avantipura, were strategically positioned to capitalize on agricultural output and trade routes. Market towns, such as Patan, linked rural areas to major transit routes. The rural-urban relationship was governed through administrative divisions such as Visayas and Parganas, with powerful feudal landowners managing the fertile districts. Religious sites scattered across the landscape connect urban and rural populations, serving as cultural and economic hubs supported by land grants. The flow of resources from rural to urban areas enabled the construction of grand temples and cities, reflecting the wealth and political power derived from agriculture. This system illustrates ancient Kashmir as a complex, integrated network, rather than a simple rural-urban divide.
| 14 |
Author(s):
Samridhi Chhabra.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
166-176 |
A Statistical Analysis of the Relationship Between Unemployment and Crime in India (1992–2021)
Abstract
This research paper, titled “Unemployment and Crime in India (1992–2021): A Statistical Analysis”, examines the relationship between unemployment levels and crime rates over a thirty-year period. Using secondary data from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) and the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI), the study investigates whether changes in unemployment have a measurable effect on crime trends in India. Applying Karl Pearson’s correlation and simple linear regression, the analysis reveals a very strong positive correlation (r = 0.96) between unemployment and crime rate, indicating that both variables tend to move in the same direction. The coefficient of determination (R² = 0.93) shows that unemployment explains 93% of the variation in crime, demonstrating a strong statistical relationship. indicates that an increase in unemployment is associated with a proportional increase in crime. The p-value (< 0.05) confirms that the results are statistically significant. Overall, the findings suggest that unemployment is a major socio-economic factor influencing crime in India, with higher unemployment contributing to higher crime levels. The study emphasizes the need for effective employment generation, skill development, and long-term economic stability to reduce crime and improve social welfare.
| 15 |
Author(s):
Ms. Rinita Sinha, Ms. Shilpa Das, Dr. Sairabell Kurbah.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Cultural Studies
Page No:
177-192 |
The Transition of Hidol from Domestic Kitchens to Commercial Markets in the Bishnupriya Manipuri Community
Abstract
The practice of fermentation has long been a significant cultural element in Northeast India. Fermentation is also considered for its medicinal properties because of the health benefits associated with the consumption of fermented food products. This ethnographic study investigates the shift from the production of homemade fermented food products to the commercialization of this traditional process in the Bishnupriya Manipuri community. This practice is often associated with women in the community. Urbanization has contributed to the erosion of these traditions as the community navigates various markets for these products, highlighting the transitional process. This study aims to explore the socio-economic impact of this transition on the Bishnupriya Manipuri community, while also providing an overview of the evolving gender roles as women transform traditional practices into business opportunities. The limitations and challenges inherent in this process reflect the impact of different gender roles and their contributions to communities. The research methods employed in this study include semi-structured interviews and participant observation. The significance of this study lies in examining the evolution of kitchen made products to local markets within the Bishnupriya Manipuri community, focusing on the emergence of employment and the empowerment of women within the community.
| 16 |
Author(s):
Manoj Kumar Teotia, Gowhar Yousuf Ganai.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Sociology
Page No:
193-209 |
Role of Digitisation and E-Governance in Municipal Service Delivery under AMRUT: Some Evidence-Based Reflections from Srinagar Municipal Corporation
Abstract
The government of India initiated the e-governance system in the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) through the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation of Urban Transformation (AMRUT), launched in June 2015 with a mandate to ensure adequate infrastructure and governance reforms for the revival of Urban Local Governance for robust urban rejuvenation and transformation across the country. The AMRUT E-Governance Reforms initiative aims to enhance the efficiency and transparency of urban local bodies in India through digital transformation. By integrating technology into governance, the program seeks to streamline service delivery, improve citizen engagement, and facilitate data-driven decision-making in Urban Local Bodies. the initiative not only promotes accountability and responsiveness but also fosters a more inclusive urban environment, ultimately contributing to the broader goals of sustainable urban development and smart city initiatives. The present study is assessing the performance of municipal digitisation and e-governance services in the Srinagar Municipal Corporation to explore its impact on both service providers; municipal corporations and end users of these services. The focus was on gauging the extent of engagement with e-governance services and understanding people's perceptions regarding the online service delivery mechanisms implemented by the respective ULB.
| 17 |
Author(s):
Ruhul Amin, Anupriya Saikia, Priyanka Devi, Jesmin Sultana.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
210-223 |
Private vs Government Schooling in Assam: A Comparative Review Analysis
Abstract
Indian education system is based on two unbalanced but connected pillars, i.e. private and government schooling, creating different access, quality and equity in different ways. The development of the private schools in the Assam - a rural based state characterized by urban rural division, tea-garden communities, riverine and flood areas, and language diversity, brings about critical questions regarding the learning environments and performance of the students. The paper is a comparative review of the private and government schooling in Assam based on secondary data comprising of ASER reports, UDISE+ statistics, research studies and state documents. It looks into inequality in infrastructure, teacher distribution, enrolment patterns, learning levels and socio-economic implications. It has been demonstrated that, in general, the infrastructure of the private schools is more advanced, classes are smaller, and the academic performance is comparatively stronger, whereas government schools are central to the given universal access, including almost all children with economically and socially disadvantaged backgrounds. According to ASER 2022 and ASER 2024, 98-99% of Assam children are in school aged 6-14, approximately 70% are in government schools and 28-30% in private schools. The article postulates that even with the large enrolment, the quality gaps are still there and it supports social stratification. It recommends the empowerment of government schools, control of the private ones, and the unification of the two as a combined effort to promote equal and quality education to all children in Assam.Keywords: Private Schooling, Government Schooling, Assam, School Quality, Educational Equity.
| 18 |
Author(s):
Dr. Usha, Suchitra Chaudhary.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
224-236 |
Educational Implementation Failures Within the Juvenile Justice Framework: A Legal and Institutional Review
Abstract
Children who enter the Juvenile Justice system often carry deep personal, social, and educational gaps with them. The law promises that once they come under institutional care, they will receive proper education, guidance, and support so they can rebuild their lives with dignity. But in reality, this promise is rarely fulfilled.This paper explores how education, which should have been a core part of rehabilitation, is often the weakest link inside Child Care Institutions, Observation Homes, and Special Homes. Even though the Juvenile Justice Act and the Right to Education Act clearly guarantee learning opportunities, many children still face broken schooling, untrained teachers, irregular classes, and almost no monitoring of their progress.Through a close look at laws, policies, official reports, and existing studies, the paper highlights the everyday gaps that children experience inside these institutions—gaps that directly affect their confidence, growth, and chances of real reintegration.The paper argues that when education fails inside the juvenile system, rehabilitation also fails. It calls for strong accountability, proper training of staff, regular academic monitoring, and clear standards for what every child must receive—because a child who is already vulnerable should not have to fight for the basic right to learn.
| 19 |
Author(s):
Dr. Mandeep Kaur.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
237-242 |
Shadows of Neglect: The Struggles of Marginalised Elderly Women in Urban ‘Basti’ Settings
Abstract
Marginalised elderly women experience a unique convergence of disadvantages rooted in gender, age, and poverty. This paper examines the socio-economic, physical, mental, and psychological challenges faced by poor elderly women living in deprived contexts. Through a multidisciplinary lens, the study highlights how structural inequalities, limited access to healthcare, social exclusion, and lifelong gendered disadvantages intensify vulnerabilities during old age. The present research paper explores the socio-economic, physical, mental and psychological health challenges faced by poor marginalized elderly women in basti settings of Bathinda district in Punjab. The research paper examines the intersection of economic deprivation, limited access to healthcare, and inadequate social support systems, highlighting how these factors contribute to poor physical and mental health outcomes among elderly women. It also addresses the psychological toll of isolation, discrimination and neglect, underscoring the need for targeted policy interventions and support mechanisms. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, the study identifies key vulnerabilities and suggests community-based engagement programs and governmental strategies to improve the overall well-being of marginalized elderly women. The findings aim to inform policymakers and healthcare providers about the unique challenges faced by this vulnerable population, advocating for more inclusive and sustainable solutions.
| 20 |
Author(s):
Pranita Tamang.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Gender Studies
Page No:
243-251 |
Political Reservation and Women’s Empowerment: A Case Study of Panchayati Raj Institutions in Sikkim
Abstract
Within India’s democratic discourse, empowering women through participation in governance and decision-making has been a main concern of the decentralisation frameworks. The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act (1992) has proven to be a landmark in this context by reserving one-third (33%) of all seats for women. Since then, it has been discussed and seen as a policy measure and an unprecedented opportunity for gender inclusion at the grassroots level. While in Sikkim, a small Himalayan state with a distinct socio-cultural and historical background, it has taken a significant step by reserving 50% of PRI seats for women in the state. This paper, through a qualitative and descriptive study, examines how reservations have contributed to women’s participation, thereby enhancing their empowerment and rural development and governance. The study reveals that increased women's participation in PRIs, due to reservations, not only empowers them but also instils leadership qualities and contributes both instrumentally and symbolically to the socio-political and economic development of the community.
| 21 |
Author(s):
Rashmi Roushan, Dr. Md. Mozammil Hassan.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
252-258 |
The 7E Instructional Model: A Contemporary Constructivist Framework for Enhancing Learning Outcomes in Science Education
Abstract
The continuous growth in science and technology needs educational methods that can cultivate inquiry skills, conceptual understanding, and higher-order thinking skills in students. Conventional teacher-centred lecture methods are unable in promoting conceptual understanding. The 7E instructional model is a revised version of the 5E learning instructional model, which focuses on eliciting previous knowledge, active inquiry, scientific explanation, application, assessment, and transfer of learning. This paper consolidates the theoretical framework, origin of the 7E cycle, structural components, empirical data, and challenges in applications of the 7E instructional model based on published research. Researches shows that the 7E instructional model markedly improves student performance, inquiry abilities, motivation, and conceptual understanding in science education. Nonetheless, obstacles such as inadequate teacher training, restricted instructional time, budget limitations, and assessment concerns can impede effective adoption. Recommendations encompass capacity-building initiatives, curricular integration, technology-enhanced learning settings, and performance-based evaluations. The 7E instructional approach offers a strong, research-backed framework that matches with modern educational objectives and promotes active, inquiry-based, and transferable learning experiences.
| 22 |
Author(s):
RAKESH KUMAR, AMIR FAISAL.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Sociology
Page No:
259-267 |
हिमाचल प्रदेश में गद्दी जनजाति की सामाजिक-सांस्कृतिक परंपराएँ, रीति-रिवाज, त्योहार और अनुष्ठानों का समाजशास्त्रीय विश्लेषण
Abstract
हिमाचल प्रदेश के पहाड़ी क्षेत्रों में रहने वाली गद्दी जनजाति मुख्य रूप से चंबा और कांगड़ा जिलों में निवास करती है। उनकी ऐतिहासिक परंपराओं, देहाती अर्थव्यवस्था और आधुनिक आर्थिक गतिविधियों के साथ क्रमिक एकीकरण द्वारा आकार लेने वाली एक अनूठी सामाजिक-आर्थिक संरचना है। हिमाचल प्रदेश के चंबा जिले में मुख्य रूप से निवास करने वाली गद्दी जनजाति की सामाजिक-सांस्कृतिक संरचना है, जो इसके भौगोलिक और ऐतिहासिक संदर्भ से गहराई से प्रभावित है। यह शोधपत्र समाजशास्त्रीय दृष्टिकोण से गद्दी जनजाति के सामाजिक जीवन की खोज करता है, जिसमें उनके रिश्तेदारी प्रतिरूप, विवाह रीति-रिवाज, धार्मिक विश्वास, आर्थिक गतिविधियाँ और आधुनिकीकरण के जवाब में सामाजिक परिवर्तनों का विश्लेषण किया गया है। अध्ययन में गुणात्मक शोध विधियों का उपयोग किया गया है, जो गद्दी समुदाय के सामाजिक ताने-बाने में होने वाले परिवर्तनों को समझने के लिए नृवंशविज्ञान संबंधी विवरणों और द्वितीयक स्रोतों से ली गई है।
| 23 |
Author(s):
Dr. Mahesh Singh, Niharika Joshi, Bhavana Mishra.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Fine Arts
Page No:
268-286 |
The Temporal Aesthetics of Dharma: Modelling Inner Transformation from the Bhagavad Gita in Time-Based Digital and Kinetic Art
Abstract
This research paper adopts an interdisciplinary approach to investigate the role of digital and kinetic art in representing the dynamic process of inner transformation and self-discovery as articulated in the Bhagavad Gita. Nishkama Karma or selfless, detached action is central to the investigation as a philosophical basis to understand how time-based and interactive art forms embed spiritual teachings about impermanence, ego transcendence, and continuous growth. The Bhagavad Gita's nuanced rendering of the evolution of the Self provides a fruitful theoretical framework within which to decode those contemporary artworks that unfold through movement, changing visuals, or participatory engagement.
The study uses qualitative methodologies that include detailed textual analysis of key Gita passages, art historical contextualization, and case study evaluations of leading digital and kinetic artworks. This research also synthesizes artist statements and viewer response observations in order to assess the psychospiritual effect of engaging with these emerging art forms. The investigation uncovers how kinetic sculptures responding to environmental stimuli, generative digital paintings adapting to real-time data input, and interactive installations inviting audience participation-all function not only as metaphoric representations but as experiential sites that allow meditative reflection and detachment. In such a way, these artistic practices deeply resonate with the Gita's emphasis on action without attachment to fruits and the fluid nature of selfhood.
Audience engagement studies show that immersive, dynamic artworks inspire high states of self-awareness, connectedness, and therapeutic responses consonant with spiritual transformation. Further, the incorporation of Indic philosophical frameworks into discourse about digital art challenges the dominant Western aesthetics and resituates art as an ethical and spiritual practice based upon self-inquiry and disciplined action.
The paper further develops contemporary art theory by articulating the intersection of ancient spiritual wisdom and modern technological creativity. It highlights how digital and kinetic arts can serve as crucial sadhana-or disciplined spiritual practice-in contemporary times, which bridges cultural and temporal divides. The conclusions support future interdisciplinary studies to extend the empirical investigation into the transformative potential of such artworks and to further probe the inclusions of non-Western philosophies into the medium of digital art. This research therefore prepares new directions for understanding art, not just as static expression, but more so as dynamic, participatory self-realization in the digital era.
Keywords
Digital Art, Kinetic Art, Inner Transformation, Self-Discovery, Bhagavad Gita, Nishkama Karma
| 24 |
Author(s):
Bhavana Mishra, Dr. Mahesh Singh.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Fine Arts
Page No:
287-301 |
आधुनिक सामूहिक सुव्यवस्था में भगवद् गीता का आत्मिक संदेश और दृश्य- कला की भूमिका
Abstract
यह लेख आधुनिक समय की सामाजिक और नैतिक चुनौतियों के संदर्भ में भगवद् गीता के सिद्धांतों की प्रासंगिकता को सरल रूप में समझती है। गीता में दिए गए तीन प्रमुख योग - कर्म योग, ज्ञान योग, भक्ति योग आधुनिक समाज में नैतिक नेतृत्व, संगठनात्मक संतुलन और सामाजिक सद्भाव बढ़ाने के तरीके बताते हैं। यह अध्ययन बताता है कि गीता का मुख्य विचार, निष्काम, कर्म यानी परिणामो की इच्छा के बिना काम करना, आत्मिक मुक्ति का मार्ग नहीं है बल्कि सामूहिक कल्याण का आधार भी है।
गीता का यह विचार आज की व्यस्त और प्रतिस्पर्धा समाज में संतुलन की ओर व्यक्ति और समाज दोनों को प्रेरित करता है। लोकसंग्रह, या सामूहिक सुव्यवस्था में योगदान निस्वार्थ भाव से किया जाता है। यह विश्लेषण बताता है कि गीता का मुख्य सिद्धांत, निष्काम कर्म, केवल व्यक्तिगत मोक्ष का मार्ग नहीं है। यह सक्रिय रूप से लोकसंग्रह के लिए एक स्थायी नैतिक नेतृत्व मॉडल भी बनाता है, जो आधुनिक कार्यस्थलों में तनाव और विश्वास संकटों को संबोधित करता है।
इस शोध पत्र में यह भी कहा गया है कि दृश्य कला, जैसे चित्रकला और प्रदर्शन कलाएं इस आत्मिक संदेश को आम लोगों तक पहुंचाने का सशक्त माध्यम है। भारतीय सौंदर्यशास्त्र के अनुसार, कला में रस (भावात्मक रसास्वादन) और साधारणीकरण की प्रक्रियाओं के माध्यम से व्यक्ति की चेतना सामूहिक चेतना से जुड़ती है। कला, समाज के अंदरूनी भावों को उजागर करती है और नैतिक मूल्यों को व्यवहार में बदलती है। गीता के दर्शन और दृश्य-कलाएँ मिलकर आत्मज्ञान की ओर प्रेरित करते हैं, साथ ही मानसिक संतुलन और सामाजिक एकता को भी सशक्त बनाते हैं। सामाजिकीकरण के माध्यम से नए सामाजिक-मनोवैज्ञानिक संबंधों का निर्माण होता है, जो व्यक्तिगत अनुभवों को सामूहिक अनुभवों में बदल देता है।
पश्चिमी मनोविज्ञान का “सामूहिक अचेतन” सिद्धांत कहता है कि कला और मिथक समाज के गहरे छिपे मूल्यों और आदर्शों को सक्रिय करते हैं, जिससे व्यक्ति के संस्कार और व्यवहार में नैतिकता स्वतः पैदा होती है। ऐसे में दृश्य-कलाएँ समूह की चेतना को गहराई से प्रभावित करती हैं, और सामाजिक व्यवहार, भावनाओं और समूह की पहचान को बदलती हैं। इस प्रकार, गीता का दर्शन और दृश्य-कलाएँ दोनों मिलकर समाज के विभिन्न वर्गों, संस्थाओं और कार्यस्थलों में मनोवैज्ञानिक स्थिरता और एकता की प्रक्रिया को भी उत्प्रेरित करती हैं, जो एक सुव्यवस्था का नैतिक ढाँचा बनता है। इन सिद्धांतों को सामूहिक भावनात्मक उपचार के साधन के रूप में देखा जा सकता है, जिससे आधुनिक लोगों को तनावमुक्त जीवन, नैतिक नेतृत्व और बेहतर सामाजिक वातावरण मिलता है।
मुख्य शब्द - आधुनिक विश्व, नैतिक शून्यता, श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता, निष्काम कर्म, समाज कल्याण, स्थितप्रज्ञ (Stable Intellect)।
| 25 |
Author(s):
Ajay Kumar Tanwar, Dr. Kamlesh.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Commerce
Page No:
302-309 |
Post-Pandemic Shifts in Investment Preferences Among SBI Mutual Fund Investors
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 brought considerable change to investors’ savings and investment patterns in India. Mutual funds emerged as one of the most popular investment avenues because of their accessibility, professional management, and ability to deliver consistent returns. This paper analyses the shifts in investment preferences among SBI Mutual Fund investors in the post-pandemic period. SBI Mutual Fund, a trusted public sector institution with a wide national reach, provides an ideal setting for studying these changes. The study is based on primary data collected from 275 respondents through a structured questionnaire. The findings indicate an overall rise in interest towards mutual funds, driven by higher awareness of financial planning and enduring trust in SBI. However, digital participation remains moderate, and many investors continue to face difficulty in understanding mutual fund schemes. The null hypothesis was rejected, indicating a significant difference in respondents’ perceptions of post-pandemic shifts in investment preferences. The study concludes that SBI Mutual Fund investors have evolved towards a more confident, financially aware, and digitally adaptive investment approach, blending traditional trust with modern investment practices.
| 26 |
Author(s):
Krishnamoni Saikia.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
310-315 |
The Interplay Between Artificial Intelligence and Human Cognition
Abstract
The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has profound implications for the human mind, influencing cognitive processes, emotional well-being, and social interactions. This paper examines the multifaceted impact of AI on human psychology, exploring both positive and negative effects. This study was conducted in Sivasagar district, Assam. Both Primary and Secondary data have been gathered to analyse the data. A mixed-method approach has been adopted to support the qualitative and quantitative data (quan+qual). This study highlights the need for a balanced approach to AI adoption, emphasising mindful design, human-AI collaboration, and ongoing research into the psychological consequences of AI integration.Keywords: AI, Human Cognition, Impacts.
| 27 |
Author(s):
Dr. Sahdev Prasad Gupta.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
316-322 |
विभिन्न संकाय के शिक्षकों की संवेगात्मक बुद्धि का उनकी शिक्षण प्रभावशीलता पर प्रभाव का अध्ययन
Abstract
विभिन्न संकाय के शिक्षकों की संवेगात्मक बुद्ध ि का उनकी शिक्षण प्रभावशीलता पर प्रभाव का अध्ययन
| 28 |
Author(s):
Resmy john, Semichan Joseph .
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Work
Page No:
323-331 |
Qualitative Analysis of Anxiety among Women with Breast Cancer after Mastectomy in Idukki District, Kerala.
Abstract
Abstract
The present descriptive study has been conducted to examine the socio-demographic characteristics and anxiety among Women affected by breast cancer. This study presents three case studies of women surviving breast cancer in Idukki district in Kerala each highlighting the Anxiety. The first case study includes a 38-year-old woman experiencing sustained anxiety after mastectomy about her partner’s love, the family’s financial struggles, and the future of her children and their studies. the second, a 67-year-old unmarried woman with progressive disease who expressed fears of dependence and isolation and had feeling that she was a burden to the relatives who cared for her, and the third, a socioeconomically disadvantaged 40-year-old woman whose anxiety centered on financial hardship and her children’s future. Applying a qualitative approach using an exploratory design, information was gathered through an in-depth interview with the patient in the presence of a palliative care nurse. Psychosocial interventions, including counselling, coping strategies, and family support played a key role in her distress. This study attempts to understand the need to integrate anxiety-focused psychosocial care into breast cancer patients and palliative services in Idukki district.
| 29 |
Author(s):
Mst. Nadia Sultana, Dr. Mita Howladar.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
332-340 |
Resilience among Minority Students at Secondary vs. Higher Secondary Level in Selected Districts of West Bengal
Abstract
Present study sought to understand and compare the resilience of minority students in classes 9-10 (secondary) and 11-12 (higher secondary) in some selected districts of West Bengal. It looked at three key areas of strength as a student's Personal Skills, their Relationship with Caregivers, and their Sense of Belonging. Using a quantitative descriptive survey method, data was gathered from 616 students with the help of CYRM-28 questionnaire. The main findings show an important shift in resilience. Students in higher secondary showed stronger Personal Skills but felt a weaker Sense of Belonging compared to secondary students. Their family relationships, however, remained a steady source of support. Girls were found to draw significantly more strength from their relationships and sense of community than boys. Most critically, the presence of domestic violence at home was identified as a major risk, significantly weakening a student's resilience in all three areas.
| 30 |
Author(s):
Biraj Kumar Borah.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
341-347 |
Gender Stereotypes and Women’s Representation in Assamese Songs:An Analytical Study
Abstract
This research paper titled ‘Gender Stereotypes and Women’s Representation in Assamese Songs:An Analytical Study’ analytically studies how women are depicted and stereotyped through the visual and textual content in Assamese modern songs.Using the qualitative content analysis method,this study based on four Assamese songs,investigates whether these songs have empowered women in society or marginalised them.This paper sheds light on the history of Assamese music,starting from ancient music and highlighting the contributions of artists like Jyotiprasad Agarwala,Dr.Bhupen Hazarika and Zubeen Garg,noting the transformation of modern Assamese songs.Although there is a lot of literature available on gender bias and stereotypes in Bollywood and Bodo songs,research on Assamese songs remains sparse,showing the importance of this study.This study finds that women are treated passive,as objects for fulfil the desires of men.Furthermore,the study identified some themes such as body shaming,promotion of alcohol and tobacco,objectification,use of salacious language and lack of consent which affect women’s respect as well as rights.Through a critical discussion,this study reveals how these songs represent a dangerous or unfavourable stereotypes and promote a narrow notion of femininity,negatively influencing societal views on gender roles.This paper calls for inclusive representation of women in the media and to discuss as well as critique or challenge these stereotypes to create a fair and healthy environment for gender equality.
| 31 |
Author(s):
Saifulla Sardar, Rita Mondal, Debasmita Kar, Dr. Manikanta Paria.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
348-356 |
Breaking the Glass Ceiling: Women’s Participation and Leadership in Higher Education
Abstract
The 21st century has seen great advances in gender equality, but women’s participation and leadership in higher education continue to face chronic hurdles. Despite notable progress in gender equality, women’s representation in leadership positions within higher education remains disproportionately low, but recently, women’s participation and leadership have increased day by day. This study examines the persistent “glass ceiling” effect, analyzing systemic barriers such as gender bias, work-life balance challenges, limited access to professional networks, and so on. Employing a qualitative approach and secondary data analysis, the research explores institutional and policy interventions that foster gender-inclusive leadership. The findings underscore the necessity of mentorship, leadership training, and gender-responsive policies to enhance women’s leadership participation. Addressing these disparities is essential for institutional excellence and social transformation, contributing to the broader discourse on gender equity in academia.
| 32 |
Author(s):
Vishal, Jyotsana Sonal.
Country:
India
Research Area:
History
Page No:
357-365 |
Dalit Women, and the Margins: Inclusive Development Challenges in Haryana (1966–2020)
Abstract
This paper offers a comprehensive, intersectional analysis of the social, economic, and political marginalization of Dalit women in Haryana between 1966 and 2020. Using a mixed-methods design that combines historical institutional analysis, secondary quantitative trends, and primary qualitative fieldwork, the study maps structural patterns of exclusion and evaluates the reach and effectiveness of state and central policies. Findings indicate persistent intersecting disadvantages for Dalit women: concentrated landlessness and insecure tenure; occupational segregation into low-paid, informal work; lower educational attainment and health outcomes; chronic underrepresentation in meaningful local governance despite reservation; and continued exposure to caste-based violence and discrimination. The paper concludes with operational policy reforms, institutional redesigns, and measurable indicators for monitoring progress toward intersectional inclusion.
| 33 |
Author(s):
Daksh, Shubham.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
366-374 |
Women’s Rights in the Postcolonial Constitution: Gandhi’s Moral Regeneration versus Ambedkar’s Legal Intervention
Abstract
Women's Rights in the Postcolonial Constitution: Gandhi's Moral Regeneration versus Ambedkar's Legal Intervention
Daksh¹ and Shubham²
¹Department of Political Science, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
Email: dakshdahiya360@gmail.com | Mobile: +91 9518008303
²Department of Political Science, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
Email: shubhamjcrp77@gmail.com | Mobile: +91 9050294663
Abstract
The expression of women rights in postcolonial India came in two different within intersection normative systems propounded by Mahatma Gandhi and B. R. Ambedkar. Gandhi model laid stress on moral revival based on satyagraha, moral self-reform and reconstitution of social relationship, whereas the model made by Ambedkar depended on constitutional-legal model whose emphasis was on rights and reform of the institutions and social democracy. This paper reviews the theoretical antagonism and potential intersection of these paradigms to know how the conceptualisation of gender equality was developed at the constitutional moment in India. The research uses qualitative textual approach and evaluates primary sources to study Mahatma Gandhi, Hind swaraj, Young India, Harijan, the constituent assembly debates, and some of the classic texts of Ambedkar, like, Annihilation of caste and Who were the shudras? The comparative study shows that the Gandhian ethics system acted as mobilisers of the feminine as a kind of moral power but stayed bound with its dependence on spiritualised conceptual notions of femininity, whereas the legal action of the Ambedkar entrenched enforceable clauses of equality into the constitutional system. According to my argument in the paper, the discussion of personal law reform, gender-based violence, and Democratic representation carried out nowadays still bears this two-fold heritage. A critical revaluation of their work provides the important understanding of postcolonial feminist ideas and the transforming concept of gender justice in India.
Keywords: Gandhian ethics, Ambedkarite constitutionalism, women’s rights, postcolonial feminism, gender justice.
| 34 |
Author(s):
Akash Dubey.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Media Studies
Page No:
375-389 |
Hindi Cinema’s Changing Lens: A Sociological Study of Tier-2 and Tier-3 India
Abstract
In recent years, Hindi films have increasingly focused on India’s tier-2 and tier-3 cities. These narratives present new kinds of stories, centred on ordinary people, their families, ambitions, and daily struggles. Moving away from the glossy visuals of metro life, filmmakers now highlight voices shaped by cultural roots, social change, and personal ambition.
Films such as Laapataa Ladies, Bareilly Ki Barfi, Dum Laga Ke Haisha, Masaan, Sui Dhaaga, Shubh Mangal Saavdhan, Stree, and Luka Chuppi explore issues like caste, gender roles, entrepreneurship, education, sexual health, patriarchy, modern relationships, and generational conflict.
These portrayals reflect shifting social realities across tier-2 and tier-3 India. As more people in such cities gain access to education, digital media, and job opportunities, their lifestyles and beliefs are gradually changing. Hindi films reflect this change by portraying characters and settings that feel real and relatable. These stories highlight not just challenges but also moments of strength, growth, and everyday resilience. The aim is to understand how these films help tell the untold stories of India’s tier-2 and tier-3 cities and why that matters for both cinema and society.
This study closely examines these films to show how small-town stories make social change visible on screen and help connect cinema to everyday Indian life.
| 35 |
Author(s):
Pankaj Chauhan, Indushekhar Upadhyay.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Geography
Page No:
390-400 |
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Urbanization in Amethi District: A Geographical Perspective
Abstract
Urbanization is the process by which rural areas transform into urban centers through population growth, infrastructure expansion, and economic diversification. It reshapes land use patterns, enhances access to services, and influences social and environmental dynamics. This study explores the dynamics of urbanization and its impact on land resources, with a focused case study of Amethi district in eastern Uttar Pradesh. Urbanization, defined as the migration of rural populations to urban areas and the expansion of urban infrastructure and economic activities, has accelerated in India since independence. The conversion of agricultural and forest land for construction and industrial use threatens food security and ecological balance. Amethi district, historically agrarian and politically significant, is gradually transitioning toward urbanization. The district’s fertile land and water-rich geography support agriculture, but recent decades have seen the emergence of roads, educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and small industries. Despite this, urbanization remains uneven across blocks. Towns like Gauriganj, Amethi, Musafirkhana, and Jagdishpur show moderate urban growth, while other blocks retain a predominantly rural character due to limited infrastructure and livelihood options. The study categorizes Amethi’s towns under Tier-III or semi-urban settlements, with none qualifying as Tier-I or Tier-II cities. Blockwise analysis reveals disparities in urban development, emphasizing the need for balanced and planned urban expansion. Sustainable solutions such as land use planning, green urbanization, and smart city initiatives are recommended to mitigate negative impacts and promote equitable growth. Protecting agricultural land and regulating deforestation are also critical. This analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of urbanization trends and land resource challenges in Amethi, offering insights for future policy formulation and regional planning.
| 36 |
Author(s):
Sandeep Kumar Kushwaha.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
401-409 |
Geostrategic Significance of Eastern Himalayan Terrain: A Critical Analysis of India-Bhutan Border Security
Abstract
Geopolitical analysis provides crucial insights into a nation's position among its neighbours, revealing how geography and political dynamics shape national behavior, regional relations, and foreign policy directions. The configuration of borders is influenced by both natural and political forces, plays a central role in a nation’s security and development. The Himalayan region illustrates this vividly: while its northern and central zones remain scarcely populated due to high elevation and harsh climatic conditions, the lower Shivalik and southern Himalayan ranges offer hospitable environments with higher oxygen levels and abundant rainfall, fostering dense settlements and forming critical corridors for habitation and defence. These zones are crucial for understanding the geopolitics of southern Himalayan region, especially in nations such as Bhutan, India, Tibbet Autonomous Region, and Nepal. Bhutan’s high-altitude borderlands hold strategic importance as a geopolitical buffer zone, as demonstrated by incidents like the Doklam standoff, which highlight the enduring security sensitivities in the region. Many research work has done on southern Himalayan region but there is lack of terrain study for border security hence that study is focusing on India Bhutan terrain for securing border. This research aims to address that gap by examining the eastern Himalayan terrain of border area along India and Bhutan. Using a descriptive and exploratory approach grounded in secondary data, the study identifies vital geopolitical areas and analyses their implications for border security and cooperation. The findings seek to inform policy frameworks for effective India-Bhutan border management, linking terrain-based insights with broader strategic and diplomatic objectives.
| 37 |
Author(s):
Neha Kumari, Dr. Vikash Kumat.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Sociology
Page No:
410-416 |
Government Initiatives for Tribal Development: Past to Present
Abstract
In India tribal development is a project which was started by the Colonial administration in the past and proceeded by Indian government after independence. In the world, India is a nation that stand for 2nd rank after the Africa continent in the matter of tribal people. Tribal population of India constitute 8 percent of total population and the most deprived group in the country. They don’t only deprived economical, but also faces the threat for cultural identity and socio-political rights also. At present the greatest challenge for Indian government is to provide them proper provision of justice to the schedule tribe people, by removing their persistence problem from past times. The present paper is critically examines different approaches of tribal development and government initiatives from past to present. It is based on secondary sources. This paper also endeavor to analyse the evolution of tribes from past to present and reason behind why they lag from the other section of mainstream society.
| 38 |
Author(s):
Tariq Zubair, Syed Md Faisal Ali Khan.
Country:
Saudi Arabia
Research Area:
Economics
Page No:
417-445 |
Enhancing Economic Insights into Smart Hospitality: AI, Service-Dominant Logic, and Sustainability Insights vis PLS-SEM
Abstract
The rising application of artificial intelligence (AI) is changing service provision in the hospitality sector, but there is a paucity of empirical studies that clarify the impacts that AI adoption has on the perception of service quality and sustainability by the guests. Based on Service-Dominant Logic, the paper will explore the implications of AI integration on how guests rate the quality of services and sustainability practices, the mediating variable is the engagement of the guests, and the moderating variable is the level of technological literacy. The respondents were hotel customers who had experience with AI-enabled services, and structural equation modelling with partial least squares (SEM-PLS) was employed in the analysis. The findings indicate that the integration of AI leads to substantial guest engagement, which, in its turn, gives a strong impact on the perceptions of service quality and sustainability. Although AI also has direct positive impacts on such results, guest engagement proves the main channel by which AI has value-generating impacts. The results also show that technological literacy moderates its implications in a small way, which implies that AI-enabled services can bring value to various customer segments. This research paper is relevant to the hospitality and sustainability literature in that it shows AI-driven value creation is essentially people-oriented and provides a practical perspective in the design of AI-enabled services to enhance service quality and sustainable experiences.
| 39 |
Author(s):
Niranjan Nayak.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
446-455 |
Audio Visual Aids in CLT Class Rooms: The Language and Learners’ Friendly Materials
Abstract
This paper examines the use of audio-visual aids in Communicative language Teaching (CLT) classrooms with reference to the effectiveness of these materials as language and user-friendly tools. CLT gives importance to the meaningful communication, interaction with learners, as well as the cultivation of communicative competence in real life situations and the incorporation of proper teaching material is core towards realizing these objectives. The study of how audio-visual tools such as videos, pictures, interactive whiteboards, and real-life materials such as news articles can benefit language learners of different proficiency levels is based on the assumption that they contain comprehensible and contextually rich information. These resources also meet the needs of different learning preferences and allow multisensory interaction due to visual and auditory stimulation, which contributes greatly to language acquisition, as it simplifies complicated material and boosts memorization.
The paper underscores the way these materials are useful in breaking the language barrier and in the acquisition of communicative competency because they expose the learner to real language use. Also, it addresses the task-based learning, role-playing, simulation exercises, and collaborative activity, which are aimed at promoting real-world communication and promoting autonomy among learners. CLT encourages active involvement by integrating learner-centered strategies, as in these methods, learner is encouraged to participate and discuss the issues, moreover, solve the problems and provide feedback to each other, which enhance fluency and confidence in the target language use. The paper also highlights the significance of interactive programs and applications, including language learning platforms and virtual reality applications, which provide interactive and learner-friendly language drilling opportunities. They aid in the combined learning of listening, speaking, reading, and writing, which makes language learning more of a whole organism.
| 40 |
Author(s):
Shirumoni Hazarika, Dr. Jagat Chandra Kalita.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Cultural Studies
Page No:
456-465 |
Śaṅkarī Music and Other Classical Music of India: A Comparative Study
Abstract
Abstract
During the Neo-Vaiṣṇavite movement in Assam, Śrīmanta Śaṅkaradeva and Mᾱdhavdeva founded the sacred practice of Śaṅkarī music, which has great cultural and spiritual significance. Hindustani and Carnatic music are two of India's major classical music traditions that are tried to compare in this paper with Śaṅkarī music of Assam, which is mainly conveyed through Bargīta. In contrast to Hindustani and Carnatic music's highly structured and technically intricate arrangements, Śaṅkarī music compositions like Bargīta, Aṅkīyᾱ gīta etc. prioritize accessibility, simplicity, and group participations. The results demonstrate how Śaṅkarī music functions as a tool for social change and identity development in Assamese society in addition to being a regional adaption of Indian classical ideas. This comparative research illustrates the diversity of Indian musical heritage and the contribution of regional religious movements to its enrichment by placing Śaṅkarī music within the larger context of Indian classical traditions.
Keywords-- Śaṅkarī, Neo-Vaiṣṇavite, Bargīta, Aṅkīyᾱ gīta.
| 41 |
Author(s):
खुशबू खत्री, डॉ. मृदुला शर्मा.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
466-472 |
एनसीईआरटी के पाठों के वीडियो आधारित शिक्षण का विद्यार्थियों की अवधारण क्षमता पर प्रभाव का अध्ययन
Abstract
प्रस्तुत शोध का उद्देश्य एनसीईआरटी पाठों पर आधारित वीडियो शिक्षण के माध्यम से विज्ञान विषय में विद्यार्थियों की अवधारण क्षमता पर पड़ने वाले प्रभाव का अध्ययन करना था। अध्ययन में प्रायोगिक अनुसंधान विधि का प्रयोग किया गया। सरकारी विद्यालय की कक्षा नौवीं के 48 विद्यार्थियों को समरूप युग्म विधि द्वारा प्रायोगिक एवं नियंत्रित समूहों में विभाजित कर अध्ययन किया गया। प्रायोगिक समूह को मिशन ज्ञान ऐप के माध्यम से एनसीईआरटी आधारित वीडियो शिक्षण प्रदान किया गया, जबकि नियंत्रित समूह को पारंपरिक शिक्षण विधि द्वारा अध्यापन कराया गया।निष्कर्षतः वीडियो आधारित शिक्षण से अध्ययन करने वाले विद्यार्थियों की अवधारण क्षमता अधिक प्रभावी एवं स्थायी पाई गई। समय अंतराल के पश्चात् भी प्रायोगिक समूह के विद्यार्थियों में सीखी गई विषयवस्तु का स्मरण अपेक्षाकृत बेहतर रहा, जिससे यह सिद्ध होता है कि दृश्य-श्रव्य माध्यम अधिगम को दीर्घकालिक स्मृति से जोड़ने में सहायक होते हैं। अध्ययन संकेत देता है कि विज्ञान जैसे अवधारणात्मक विषय में वीडियो शिक्षण पारंपरिक शिक्षण की तुलना में अधिक उपयोगी एवं प्रभावी है। अतः विद्यालयी स्तर पर विज्ञान शिक्षण में एनसीईआरटी आधारित वीडियो संसाधनों के सुनियोजित उपयोग की आवश्यकता है।
| 42 |
Author(s):
Dr. Barkha Agrawal.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Psychology
Page No:
473-478 |
Shadow of Silence: Understanding Emotional Turmoil in Growing Girls
Abstract
Emotional turmoil during adolescence is a growing concern across psychological, educational, and clinical domains. Girls between ages 10–19 often experience heightened emotional distress influenced by biological, social, cognitive, and cultural factors. Despite this, many internalize their struggles, leading to what this paper terms the shadow of silence: a pattern of concealed suffering, self-silencing, and delayed help-seeking. The study explores emotional turmoil among growing girls through an integrated psychological lens.
This review paper synthesizes empirical and theoretical literature from developmental psychology, clinical psychology, gender studies, and cultural psychology to understand the internalized “shadow of silence” that governs emotional experiences in growing girls. The review identifies five major themes contributing to emotional turmoil: (1) biopsychosocial changes of puberty, (2) emotional suppression and gendered socialization, (3) family, peer influences, and relational stressors (4) academic and social stressors amplified by digital culture, and (5) mental-health vulnerabilities including anxiety, depression, self-esteem instability, and identity conflicts. Methodologically, the paper follows a systematic review framework and analyzes 90 empirical and theoretical sources published between 2000 and 2024. Findings reveal that emotional turbulence often remains hidden due to cultural norms emphasizing compliance, relational harmony, and self-sacrifice among girls. The discussion highlights the need for gender-sensitive mental-health interventions, school-based programs, and family-centered strategies that encourage emotional expression, resilience building, and psychological safety. The review concludes that understanding the silent emotional struggles of adolescent girls is essential for promoting well-being, empowerment, and healthy developmental trajectories.
Keywords: emotional turmoil, silence, gender socialization, mental health, resilience, psychological well-being
| 43 |
Author(s):
Manoj Kumar Das, Amit Choudhury.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Management
Page No:
479-487 |
Bamboo And Bamboo-Based Industries, Its Economic Prospects, Potentiality, Challenges and Problems in North-Eastern Region of India: An Overview
Abstract
The North-Eastern Region of India is famous for huge reserves of bamboos available in the forests as well as the plantations cultivated along with homestead plantations available in the rural areas. The availability of many species of bamboos bearing huge potentiality makes the region famous and rich in natural resources. This paves the way towards development and prospects of bamboo-based industries in the North-Eastern region. This paper indicates and highlights the various literature reviews done, on the researches conducted by researchers to identify the potentiality, economic prosperity, availability of bamboos, and the challenges, problems, difficulties faced by the bamboo-based industries in the North-Eastern Region of the Country.
| 44 |
Author(s):
Iqra Saifi, Anoj Raj.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
488-508 |
Self-Regulation and Time Management Strategies: Predictors of Academic Achievement
Abstract
Academic achievement is a multifactorial construct shaped by the dynamic interaction of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional processes. Among the various determinants, self-regulation and time management strategies have emerged as critical predictors of students’ success across diverse educational contexts. Self-regulation involves the capacity to plan, monitor, and adjust one’s learning behaviors and emotional responses to achieve academic goals, while time management encompasses the effective organization and prioritization of tasks to optimize productivity. This study aims to explore the predictive relationship between self-regulation, time management strategies, and academic achievement, highlighting their interdependence and combined impact on students’ performance. Evidence from contemporary research underscores that students who exhibit high self-regulatory capacity—characterized by goal setting, sustained attention, self-monitoring, and adaptive coping—tend to perform better academically, regardless of their baseline cognitive ability. Similarly, effective time management enables students to allocate sufficient time for study, avoid procrastination, and maintain a balanced workload, thereby reducing academic stress and enhancing performance outcomes. Both constructs contribute to fostering academic self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, and resilience, which serve as mediating variables between behavioral effort and achievement. Furthermore, the integration of self-regulatory and time management training within academic curricula has shown promising results in improving learners’ autonomy and achievement levels. Overall, this study posits that fostering self-regulation and time management skills represents a vital pedagogical strategy for optimizing academic performance and promoting lifelong learning competencies. The findings are expected to provide educators and policymakers with actionable insights into developing evidence-based interventions that cultivate students’ self-directed learning abilities and enhance academic achievement in increasingly competitive educational environments.
| 45 |
Author(s):
Tsering Diskit.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Work
Page No:
509-519 |
Socio-Cultural Changes Among Nomads of Changthang, Ladakh
Abstract
This study examines socio-cultural transformations among the Changpa nomads of Changthang, Ladakh, in response to environmental, economic, and policy pressures. Primary data were collected from seven villages in the Nyoma Block, supplemented with field observations and informal interactions with local residents. Findings reveal significant shifts in traditional pastoral livelihoods, declining engagement of younger generations, and erosion of indigenous ecological knowledge. Economic diversification, modernization, and market integration are altering social structures, labor patterns, and community cohesion. Climate change and restricted mobility further challenge sustainable resource management. Adaptation strategies include modifying herding practices, integrating new technologies, and seeking alternative livelihoods. The study highlights the tension between cultural continuity and adaptive change in high-altitude pastoral systems. Recommendations emphasize supporting mobility, valuing indigenous knowledge, and fostering resilient pastoral institutions.
| 46 |
Author(s):
Hemsagar Mahananda.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
520-539 |
PRIME Classroom Model: A Practical Framework for Purposeful Teaching
Abstract
Classroom teaching is the most decisive space where educational policy, curriculum intent, teacher competence, children’s learning process and parent aspiration converge. While systems invest heavily in reforms, frameworks and assessments, the real test of educational quality continues to lie in the quality of teaching within the four walls of the classroom. Ensuring classroom standard and instructional quality remains a persistent challenge in school education, particularly in contexts undergoing systemic reform. This article is based on the belief that standards and quality in education cannot be achieved through policy mandates alone; they must be consciously practiced, observed and sustained at the classroom level. This paper proposes the PRIME Classroom Model (Prepare–Relate–Inquire–Meaning-making–Evaluate) as a comprehensive and contextually grounded pedagogical framework designed to enhance teaching–learning processes and academic supervision in schools. The PRIME Model integrates constructivist pedagogy, learner-centred instruction, formative assessment and reflective practice into a coherent instructional cycle in alignment with the national and global policy frameworks, including NEP-2020, NCF-2023, NPST-2023, 21st Century Skills and SDG-4 (Quality Education). Each stage of the model addresses critical dimensions of effective classroom practice- lesson preparedness, contextual engagement, inquiry-based learning, conceptual meaning-making and continuous evaluation for learning and growth.
Through analytical mapping and application-oriented discussion, the paper demonstrates how the PRIME Model supports inclusive education, competency-based learning and continuous professional development of teachers. The paper concludes by advocating the PRIME Model as a sustainable, evidence-informed framework for improving classroom quality and strengthening school education systems in alignment with contemporary educational reforms.
| 47 |
Author(s):
Pintu Barman.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
540-549 |
Child Labour among the Tea Workers of Alipurduar District of West Bengal: Causes, Consequences and Policy Implications
Abstract
Child labour continues to remain embedded within India’s plantation economy despite constitutional guarantees and statutory prohibitions. This study investigates the causes, consequences and policy implications of child labour in the tea plantations of Alipurduar district in West Bengal. Employing a mixed-method research design, the study draws upon primary data collected through field surveys, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and participant observation involving child workers, their families, plantation management authorities and institutional stakeholders.
The findings indicate that the persistence of child labour in Alipurduar’s tea plantations is primarily driven by chronic household poverty, low and irregular adult wages, limited access to quality education and the socio-economic marginalization of Scheduled Tribe and Scheduled Caste communities. Children are commonly engaged in tea plucking and auxiliary plantation-related activities, exposing them to physical exhaustion, health risks and long-term educational deprivation. The research further identifies a significant gap between existing legal provisions, including child labour prohibition laws and welfare schemes and their implementation at the grassroots level. Weak monitoring systems, poor institutional coordination and limited community awareness continue to exacerbate the problem.
The paper argues that policy responses must move beyond legal prohibition and directly address the structural economic vulnerabilities faced by tea worker households. Strengthening livelihood security, expanding education-based rehabilitation measures, increasing NGO involvement and ensuring greater accountability of plantation management are critical to eliminating child labour and protecting children’s rights within the tea plantation sector.
| 48 |
Author(s):
Dr. Sanabam Gunajit Mangang, Konsam Hemabati Devi.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
550-554 |
Women Reservation Act 2023 and Women Empowerment
Abstract
Women’s empowerment has been heard since 1980s throughout the globe. The UN’s Third World Conference on Women in 1985 defines the term ‘women empowerment’. In India it was started in 1840s by Savitribai Phule by establishing girl’s school. The political movement for women has been referred as feminist movement and this was the initial stage for women empowerment. Women empowerment is handing over the decision making to women. Women empowerment may have seven components like self-respect, power to control oneself decision and rights, power to make decision inside and outside the house, right to access to resources and opportunities, ability to influence the social, economic and political courses, right to be elected, and right to determined choices in free will. Women empowerment seeks to raise status through education and participation in political affairs. Women’s Reservation Act 2023 gave 1/3 of seat reserve at Lok Sabha, and State Legislative Assembly. This act is a pro-active step towards gender equality, increasing women participation in decision making or politics and empowerment. The attempt were made in 1996, 1998, 1999, and 2008 to make women reservation in the quest for women empowerment; then successfully comes up in 2023 in form Women’s Reservation Act. The argument is will this act can be a bludgeon for women empowerment in a patriarchal society imbedded with religious norms of women as a supporter to husband or the way around.
| 49 |
Author(s):
Dr. Rajpriya, Prof. Vinay Kumar Rai.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Geography
Page No:
555-569 |
Sanitation Coverage and Groundwater Dependence in an Open Defecation Free Indian City: Evidence from Varanasi
Abstract
Urban sanitation programmes in India are typically assessed through indicators of infrastructure provision and toilet usage, while their interaction with groundwater dependence and household water practices receives relatively limited attention. This study examines the relationship between sanitation coverage, groundwater reliance, and household perception of groundwater quality in Varanasi city, an Open Defecation Free urban area under the Swachh Bharat Mission. The analysis is based on primary data from a household survey of 420 households across twelve water supply sub-zones, focusing on sanitation access, drinking water sources, perceived groundwater quality, and water treatment behaviour.
The results indicate near-universal sanitation access, with 99.3% of households reporting regular toilet use and negligible open defecation. However, dependence on groundwater remains high, as 63.1% of households rely on private groundwater sources for drinking water. Household perception of groundwater quality is largely favourable, with around 80% of respondents reporting overall satisfaction. At the same time, physical quality concerns particularly seasonal sand intrusion were reported by nearly one-quarter of households. Despite these issues, more than half of the households consume groundwater without any form of treatment, reflecting a reliance on perception rather than precautionary water safety practices.
Although this study does not involve laboratory-based groundwater quality testing, existing hydrogeological research has documented nitrate and bacteriological contamination in shallow aquifers of Varanasi, indicating recognised subsurface vulnerability. The findings point to a perception–risk gap in groundwater-dependent ODF cities, where sanitation achievements and improved surface cleanliness may reinforce confidence in groundwater quality despite documented contamination risks. The study highlights the need to integrate sanitation interventions with groundwater monitoring and urban water safety planning to support sustainable public health outcomes.
