To maintain transparency, accountability, and ethical publishing standards, the journal follows the policy below regarding manuscript withdrawal, post-publication withdrawal/retraction, and corrections to published articles.

1. Withdrawal Before Acceptance

Authors may request withdrawal of their manuscript before acceptance without any charge.

The withdrawal request must be submitted by the corresponding author through an official email to the journal’s editorial office. The request will be processed only after proper verification.

2. Withdrawal After Acceptance

If a manuscript is withdrawn after acceptance or during the editing, typesetting, formatting, or production stage, any amount already paid towards publication fee, processing charge, or any other publication-related charge will not be refundable.

This is because the journal may have already completed or initiated peer review, editorial handling, technical editing, formatting, typesetting, or other production-related work.

After acceptance, the author must complete the required publication formalities within the time period specified by the journal.

If the author does not respond, does not complete the required formalities, or abandons the manuscript after acceptance, the journal may close the submission or mark it as withdrawn due to author non-response. In such cases, the journal will not be responsible for any delay, loss of publication opportunity, or further processing of the manuscript.

3. Withdrawal or Retraction After Publication

After publication, an article becomes part of the scholarly publication record. Therefore, post-publication withdrawal, removal, or retraction will be considered only in exceptional cases, subject to editorial review and approval.

If an author requests withdrawal or retraction of a published article for personal or non-editorial reasons, a processing fee of ₹1200 INR or 50 USD will be applicable.

After verification and payment confirmation, where applicable, the journal may take one or more of the following actions:

• Mark the article as withdrawn or retracted on the journal website.
• Publish a withdrawal or retraction notice linked to the article record.
• Update the article status in the journal records.
• Inform indexing databases and DOI agencies, where applicable, to update the article status.

The journal does not guarantee immediate removal or status updates from third-party indexing databases, search engines, or DOI platforms, as these services operate independently.

In exceptional legal, ethical, privacy, copyright, or safety-related cases, the article may be removed from public access at the discretion of the editorial office. However, the journal will retain an internal record of the article for documentation and ethical publishing purposes.

4. Corrections or Modifications After Publication

Authors may request minor corrections within 48 hours of publication without any additional charge, subject to editorial approval.

Any correction, modification, or update requested after 48 hours of publication will require a processing fee of ₹1000 INR, as it involves editorial review and technical updates to the published record.

Minor corrections may include typographical errors, spelling mistakes, formatting errors, or minor factual clarifications that do not affect the academic meaning, findings, authorship, or bibliographic identity of the article.

Major changes affecting the article title, authors’ names, authorship order, author affiliations, findings, interpretation, or publication record will not be treated as minor corrections and may be declined by the editorial office.

Once the article DOI has been activated, no changes will normally be permitted in the article title, authors’ names, authorship order, or author affiliations. Only minor typographical or formatting corrections may be considered, subject to editorial approval and applicable processing charges.

If the correction is required due to an error made by the journal during editing, formatting, or production, the journal may correct it without charging any correction fee.

5. Submission of Requests

All withdrawal, retraction, or correction requests must be submitted through a formal written application or official email by the corresponding author.

For requests involving authorship, author details, article title, affiliation, or major publication details, the journal may require written consent from all listed authors.

The request will be processed only after verification, editorial approval, and payment confirmation, if applicable.

The final decision regarding withdrawal, retraction, removal, or correction will rest with the journal’s editorial office.