International Journal of Social Science Research (IJSSR)

Teacher Education Reforms in the NEP 2020: A Review of Implementation, Challenges, and Opportunities

The National Education Policy 2020 introduced significant reforms aimed at transforming the structure, quality, and governance of teacher education in India. The policy emphasizes the development of multidisciplinary teacher education institutions, the introduction of the four-year Integrated Teacher Education Programme (ITEP), continuous professional development for teachers, and the establishment of a national mentoring system. The present study examines the major teacher education provisions proposed in NEP 2020 and analyses their current status of implementation. The study adopts a qualitative review approach based on secondary sources such as research articles, government reports, and policy documents published between 2020 and 2026. The findings indicate that several initiatives, including integrated teacher education programmes, digital platforms for professional development, and mentoring frameworks, have begun to emerge. However, the implementation of these reforms remains uneven due to institutional constraints, shortage of qualified faculty, regulatory challenges, and variations in institutional capacity. The study highlights key challenges and emerging opportunities in strengthening teacher education in India.