International Journal of Social Science Research (IJSSR)

Land Utilization Pattern in Sikkim: Spatial Distribution and Agricultural Dynamics

Land utilization reflects the dynamic relationship between the physical environment and human activities. In Sikkim, variations in topography, climate, vegetation, and socio-economic conditions have resulted in a unique pattern of land use. This study examines the classification, spatial distribution, and temporal changes in land utilization with special emphasis on agricultural dynamics. The findings indicate that a large proportion of Sikkim’s geographical area is occupied by forests and mountainous terrain, leaving only limited land for cultivation. Agriculture remains the primary livelihood but faces constraints such as small landholdings, lack of irrigation, and difficult terrain. The study highlights the need for sustainable land use planning and efficient resource utilization. There are spatial variations in terms of the general land use pattern of the different areas because of the diversities in landform and rainfall in various regions. It is essential to shift from general to particular areas where agriculture plays a vital role as a means of livelihood for majority of the people in Sikkim. Keywords: land utilization, dynamic, agriculture, cultivation, spatial distribution, topography, climate, livelihood