| 1 |
Author(s):
Biswanath Kundu.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Gender Studies
Page No:
1-6 |
Needs of Gender Studies in the context of better and greater utilization of human resources across the globe
Abstract
Gender studies stresses on equality of treatment to both men and women on all issues. It aims at neutralizing gender difference with the induction of generalized category. It allows no room for gender biases or stereotyping. The primary objective of these studies is to mainstreaming all irrespective of caste, race, and sex as human resources instead of being compartmentalized as he or she. In modern times the social and cultural construction of masculinity and femininity matters more than the biological originality in following the choices of the individuals as regards to dress, eating style, talking attitudes etc. i.e., both men and women are now free to show their reverse traits in the society unlike of the olden days. ‘Feminine side’ of the men and ‘Masculine side’ of the women are often exhibited publicly as an outcome of the societal change from patriarchal to practical one. Globally too, Gender Studies examines issues related to migration, development and human rights in a very definitive way. There should be no external judge than the person concerned to dictate the course of his life paths. And this is what forms the basis of Women’s Studies in general or the Gender Studies in particular.
Key words: Gender difference, Gender biases, Stereotyping, Development, Human rights, Patriarchal mindset
| 2 |
Author(s):
Asra Manzoor, Dr. Poonam.
Country:
India
Research Area:
History
Page No:
7-12 |
Between Independence and Accession: Analyzing Maharaja Hari Singh’s Political Calculations in 1947
Abstract
In 1947, the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, led by Maharaja Hari Singh, navigated a fraught path between joining India or Pakistan or remaining independent. This study examines his political calculations during that critical period. It analyzes primary sources such as Hari Singh’s correspondence with Lord Mountbatten and contemporary reports, alongside scholarship by historians like Hewitt, Schofield, Bose, and Snedden. Initially, Maharaja Hari Singh sought a neutral, independent status for Kashmir – even describing it as a potential “Switzerland of the East” – and pursued standstill agreements with both new dominions. However, mounting pressures – including internal unrest in Poonch and the Kashmiri National Conference, a Pakistani-instigated blockade and tribal invasion, and intense diplomatic pressure from India – eroded this stance. By late October 1947, facing an existential threat from armed raiders, Hari Singh capitulated. He signed the Instrument of Accession to India on 26 October 1947, conditioning India’s military aid on accession. This paper traces these developments in detail, situating the Maharaja’s decisions in their political and historical context.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Dr. Ajit Singh, Dr. Shalini Tyagi, Dr. Sonia Rani.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Management
Page No:
13-24 |
The Evolution of Social Media Marketing and Its Impact on Startup Retention Tactics
Abstract
Over the last twenty years, social media has gone from being just a way to connect with people to becoming a key part of how businesses plan and grow. Especially for new companies, social media marketing has been used to connect with customers, create a strong brand image, and support steady growth. This paper looks at how social media marketing has changed over time, showing the move from simple posting to strategies that use data to connect better with people. It also looks at how these changes have affected how startups keep their customers, focusing on loyalty, building a community, and offering personalized marketing. The study uses information from existing reports, industry data, and recent research from 2010 to 2024 to spot new trends like working with influencers, using AI for better analysis, and combining different online platforms. The results show that social media marketing helps companies get new customers quickly and also helps keep them around through instant communication, custom content, and smart prediction tools. The paper ends with suggestions for startups to improve customer retention by matching new digital trends with flexible and responsive business plans.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Manmohan Khorwal, Dr. M. L. Vasita.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Commerce
Page No:
25-31 |
A Study on the Role of Customer Satisfaction and Service Quality in Developing Brand Loyalty
Abstract
The paper examines the relationship between customer satisfaction and perceived service quality and brand loyalty in the Indian retail apparel industry. The Rajasthan region is the setting of the research problem as the area has been very much influenced by urbanization as well as fashion awareness, which has in turn resulted in consumer expectations. A questionnaire was designed and was given to 300 consumers in Jaipur, Udaipur, Kota and Jodhpur. The study will indicate that an increased level of customer satisfaction and improved service experiences are strongly related to an increased level of brand loyalty using the descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis. The results provide a strategic guide to apparel marketers aiming to build long term relationships with consumers based on improved service and satisfaction-centered branding.
Keywords: Customer Satisfaction, Service Quality, Brand Loyalty, Consumer Behavior, Retail Apparel, Rajasthan
| 5 |
Author(s):
Subhra Ghosh.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Gender Studies
Page No:
32-43 |
Dr. Ambedkar on Women Liberation: Aims for Recasting Womenrights and Establishing Social Democracy in India
Abstract
Dr. BR Ambedkar was path-maker of Indian Constitution. He wanted to make a path for uprising the women’s rights through his thoughts and beliefs. Social democracy will not be fulfilled if we people should not be able to change our mind-set towards women; especially those women are coming from dalit, minority and weaker section of the society. In this context, the paper intends and tries to narrate the rights and empowerment of women in the view of Ambedkar. The paper also attempts to highlight the relevance of Ambedkar at contemporary day India.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Mevlüt Poyraz.
Country:
Turkey
Research Area:
Religious Studies
Page No:
44-50 |
A HİSTORİCAL AND THEORETİCAL APPROACH TO THE REESTABLİSHMENT OF A MEDİNA-CENTERED ISLAMİC POLİTİCAL UNİON
Abstract
This study addresses the necessity of political unity in the Islamic world within a historical context and through religious references, discussing whether a Medina-centered governance model can be reestablished. The loss of Medina’s status as an administrative center during the era of Ali and the subsequent decision by no Muslim state to designate it as a capital is considered a significant rupture in terms of both political and religious unity.
In this framework, Abdullah b. Salam’s warning that Medina could never again be the center of the caliphate aligns with historical developments. However, another narration attributed to him states that Ali would never return to Medina, and based on this interpretation, the study opens a discussion on the possibility of Medina once again becoming a center of governance in the future. In line with Quranic verses and the practices of the Prophet, the need for Muslims to rebuild the spirit of unity is emphasized.
In this context, the proposed “Council of the Union of Islamic States of Medina” is presented as a governance model based on justice and compassion, capable of addressing the religious, political, and legal issues of the ummah. This structure aims to unite the shared values, historical legacy, and contemporary political needs of the ummah, offering an alternative perspective that holds promise for both the Islamic world and humanity.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Shubhi Rastogi, Dr. Rashmi Gupta.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Commerce
Page No:
51-59 |
Assessing Financial Literacy Among Youth in Kanpur: The Role of Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour
Abstract
This research investigates the financial literacy of youth people in the age group of 15-30 years, in Kanpur City, Uttar Pradesh, focusing on financial behavior (FB), financial attitude (FA), and financial knowledge (FK). The random sample method was applied in this quantitative research design, which implemented a survey method to gather data from 65 participants who differ in their educational and working experience. It had used a Likert scale in measuring standardized questionnaires that categorized into general information and financial literacy indicators. Analysing data included using SPSS software for assessing reliability by using Cronbach's Alpha, employing descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Internal consistency of financial literacy scales has been validated as well as that significant positive relationship among FK, FA, and FB. Further regression analysis results show that financial knowledge significantly affects financial attitude and behavior, while financial attitude also significantly correlates with financial behavior. The findings here are very critical and emphasize the importance of financial education programs for the development of financial literacy and responsible financial decisions among the youth.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Kritika Sarmah.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Economics
Page No:
60-72 |
School Infrastructure in India: Trends, Interstate Disparities and the Challenge of Viksit Bharat 2047
Abstract
For achieving Viksit Bharat 2047, a technologically advanced and egalitarian educational system needs be established along with universal access to basic school facilities. This study looks at long-term trends and disparities in India's school infrastructure using UDISE+ data from 2013 to 2025. Seven indicators—power, drinking water, male and female restrooms, library facilities, internet access, and computer availability—are examined using three dimensions: basic amenities, learning support, and digital infrastructure. The results show a slight improvement in library access, a significant lag in digital infrastructure, and a near universalization of basic amenities. According to inequality research using the coefficient of variation, basic amenities show little variance, but digital facilities continue to be highly unequal among states. Furthermore, there are clear regional disparities between each facility's top five and bottom five performers, with improvements concentrated in a small number of areas. According to these findings, bridging the digital divide must be given top priority to create the inclusive, knowledge-driven educational system that is at the core of the Viksit Bharat 2047 goal, even though India has been successful in reducing disparities in basic services.
Keywords: School Infrastructure, Inequality, Digital Divide, UDISE+, Education Policy, Viksit Bharat 2047
| 9 |
Author(s):
Dr. Mohd Muzaffar Ansari.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
73-80 |
महिलाएँ: राजनीतिक परिप्रेक्ष्य
Abstract
यह शोध पत्र महिलाओं की राजनीति में भागीदारी और उनके नज़रिए को समझने की कोशिश करता है। महिलाएँ केवल घर-परिवार की देखभाल तक सीमित नहीं हैं, बल्कि वे समाज और राष्ट्र की राजनीति को भी गहराई से प्रभावित करती हैं। भारतीय राजनीति का इतिहास गवाह है कि स्वतंत्रता संग्राम से लेकर आज तक महिलाओं ने हर दौर में अपनी हाजरी दर्ज कराई है। इसके बावजूद भी राजनीति में उनका जो मुकाम होना चाहिए उस स्तर तक नहीं पहुँच पाया है। आज भी संसद, विधानसभा या राजनीतिक दलों में महिलाओं की संख्या पुरुषों के मुकाबले बहुत कम है जो ज़हन में कई सवाल पैदा करता है। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र महिलाओं के राजनीतिक परिप्रेक्ष्य को तीन स्तरों पर देखने का प्रयास करता है—इतिहास, वर्तमान और भविष्य। इसमें यह स्पष्ट किया गया है कि महिलाएँ राजनीति में क्यों आवश्यक हैं, उनकी भागीदारी अब तक किस प्रकार रही है, उन्हें किन चुनौतियों का सामना करना पड़ता है और आगे उनके लिए कौन-कौन से अवसर मौजूद हैं। भारत के साथ-साथ विश्व स्तर की स्थिति पर भी चर्चा की गई है ताकि तुलना स्पष्ट हो सके।
| 10 |
Author(s):
Chamila Kothalawala, Thamara Kothalawala.
Country:
Sri Lanka
Research Area:
English
Page No:
81-86 |
Pedagogical Implications of Genre Analyses of Professional Letters for Teaching English for Specific Purposes
Abstract
Genre analyses of letters in Teaching English for Specific Purposes (ESP) provide implications for its letter writing pedagogy. Their focus is on identifying the communicative purposes and commonly used rhetorical patterns in professional letters. However, it seems that there is a scarcity of literature that explored types of genre analyses of letters and their pedagogical implications. Therefore, this study explored genre analyses of professional letters to identify types of comparisons and their pedagogical usefulness. Document analysis and thematic analysis were employed to identify the types of genre analyses of letters and their pedagogic use. The study identifies three key types of comparisons in letter genre analysis: 1) letters within the same domain to understand shared structural and rhetorical features, 2) letters by writers from different nationalities to reveal cultural influences on communication styles, and 3) letters by professionals and students to highlight differences in experience and mastery of genres. The genre analyses of letters revealed evidence of diversities in relation to communicative purposes of the letters and cultural expectations related to the genres. This study is expected to provide a theoretical understanding of the rationale for the use of comparative approach to genre analysis, which can be employed by future genre analysts who explore the impact of culture on genre production.
| 11 |
Author(s):
Dr Gurnam Singh Virk.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Work
Page No:
87-96 |
The Environmental Challenges in India: Concerns, Solutions, and the Role of Social Work
Abstract
The environmental problems that India is facing are complex and numerous. These problems include air pollution, water pollution, deforestation, land degradation, and inadequate waste management. These issues are made even more difficult by the rapid urbanization, industrialization, and demographic growth that are occurring. In this research paper, key environmental difficulties in India are subjected to a thorough analysis, recent studies are evaluated, the effectiveness of governmental actions is evaluated, and the role of social work to environmental management is investigated. In order to identify gaps and possibility for intervention, the study makes use of secondary data from governmental publications and academic studies. Ultimately, the study provides recommendations for policy, practice, and research.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Leenashree Kalita, Riya Narah.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
97-102 |
Effect of NEP 2020 on Students and Teachers with Special Reference to Higher Education in India
Abstract
The NEP 2020, introduced by the Indian government. Has a transformative role in the Indian Education System. It has talked about enhancement of quality of both the teachers and the students of higher education through different means. And likewise, it has provided various recommendations for the holistic development of the students and for the continuous professional development of the teachers. So, in this particular paper, the main aim will be to investigate the effect of NEP (2020) on students and teachers of higher education analyzing its advantages and limitations along with it. By the end of this study, we will be able to know how NEP (2020) is going to shape the whole education system in India and what will be the role of NEP 2020 in shaping students and teachers of higher education which are the main components of education itself. Also, this paper will throw some light on challenges that may arise in the process of implementation for both the teachers and students accordingly.
Keywords: - nep (2020), indian education system, students, teachers, effect.
| 13 |
Author(s):
Nancy Bhardwaj.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
103-111 |
Language and State Formation in India: Analysing the Role of Linguistic Identity in Territorial Reorganization
Abstract
Language has been the fundamental and crucial element for the political and territorial reorganisation of newly sovereign India, serving as both an emotional symbol of identity and a strategic instrument of mobilisation. This paper analyses the role of linguistic identity in shaping state formation. To investigate how language functions in federal restructuring, the study uses a historical-analytical approach based on secondary sources and theoretical frameworks such as Paul Brass's ethnolinguistic mobilisation, Benedict Anderson's "imagined communities," and Sudipta Kaviraj's postcolonial state theory. Case studies demonstrate how language rearrangement fostered recurrent demands for autonomy and strengthened sub-nationalism, even as it maintained the Union by embracing diversity. The study makes the case that language in India is a dynamic political resource that continues to influence regional identity, federal stability, and democratic participation, rather than just being a cultural characteristic. The study helps to clarify the persistent conflict between regional assertion and national unity in multilingual democracies by placing India's linguistic politics within larger discussions of nationalism and federalism.
| 14 |
Author(s):
RAKESH KUMAR.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Geography
Page No:
112-117 |
Energy Geography and Resource Nationalism: How Turkmenistan’s Natural Gas Pipeline Geography Influences Its Foreign Policy Orientation Toward Russia, China, and Europe
Abstract
Turkmenistan leverages its substantial natural gas reserves to navigate its foreign policy towards Russia, China, and Europe. This article addresses the research question: How does Turkmenistan’s natural gas pipeline geography influence its foreign policy orientation toward Russia, China, and Europe? Through an analysis of key pipelines, export patterns, and geopolitical constraints, it reveals how pipeline dependencies foster a multi-vector approach rooted in resource nationalism. Findings show a shift from Russian dominance to Chinese reliance, with tentative European outreach hampered by regional opposition. Recent developments, including gas swaps and renewed Russian ties, underscore Turkmenistan's strategy to diversify while prioritizing sovereignty and economic stability. The study highlights the need for balanced energy diplomacy to mitigate vulnerabilities.
| 15 |
Author(s):
Dr. Mamta Bhardwaj, Anshu Chandra, Ashutosh Ranjan.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
118-124 |
नाद योग ध्यान साधना : विद्यार्थियों के शैक्षणिक चिंता पर एक अनुभाविक अध्ययन
Abstract
सार : शैक्षणिक चिंता तनाव की सामान्य मानवीय प्रतिक्रिया हैं , जो सहानुभूति तंत्रिका तंत्र को सक्रिय कर शरीर को खतरे से बचाती है। यह कभी-कभी दैनिक कार्यों में सहायक होती है, किंतु कुछ विद्यार्थियों के लिए इसका स्तर अस्वस्थ और दुर्बलकारी बन जाता है। जब चिंता शैक्षणिक कार्यकुशलता को बाधित करती है, तब यह गंभीर समस्या बन जाती है। प्रस्तुत शोध का उद्देश्य विद्यार्थियों की शैक्षणिक चिंता पर नाद योग ध्यान साधना के प्रभाव का अध्ययन करना है। यह साधना प्राचीन भारतीय परंपरा पर आधारित है और मानसिक शांति में सहायक मानी जाती है। शोध में अर्ध-प्रयोगात्मक (Quasi-Experimental) विधि के अंतर्गत ‘एकल समूह प्री-पोस्ट टेस्ट डिज़ाइन’ अपनाया गया। डी.ए.वी. पब्लिक स्कूल, खबरा, मुजफ्फरपुर (बिहार) के कक्षा दसवीं से उच्च शैक्षणिक चिंता वाले 25 विद्यार्थियों का चयन उद्देश्यपूर्ण प्रतिचयन (Purposive Sampling) द्वारा किया गया। आँकड़ो का संग्रहण डॉ. ए. के. सिंह एवं डॉ. ए. सेन गुप्ता द्वारा निर्मित ‘बालकों के लिए शैक्षणिक चिंता मापक (Academic Anxiety Scale for Children-AASC)’ से संकलित कर युग्मित-नमूना टी-परीक्षण (Paired sample t-test) द्वारा विश्लेषित किया गया है। निष्कर्षों से स्पष्ट हुआ कि नाद योग ध्यान साधना शैक्षणिक चिंता को कम करने में अत्यधिक प्रभावी है।
मुख्य शब्द : नाद योग, नाद योग ध्यान साधना , शैक्षणिक चिंता, चिंता, भारतीय ज्ञान परम्परा I
| 16 |
Author(s):
Shanshan Shi.
Country:
Canada
Research Area:
Communication
Page No:
125-135 |
From Hashtags to Headlines: Applying Framing Theory to COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation across Social Platforms and Cable News
Abstract
This case study analyzes the dissemination of COVID-19 misinformation through the lens of framing theory. Social media misinformation has dramatically affected people’s vaccination intentions, and framing is the method by which people develop a clear concept regarding a problem. Drawing on the KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor and a three-month public opinion monitor of over 1,000 posts on Twitter and Facebook, the study examines two prominent sources shaping online discourse: partisan leadership (e.g., Governor Ron DeSantis) and cable news (e.g., Fox News). Using Hallahan’s models of framing—especially framing of issues and framing of news—the analysis shows how selective emphasis, wording, and agenda building present “objective facts” in ways that mobilize skepticism toward vaccines and reinforce partisan divides. Findings indicate that persistent negative frames (e.g., “vaccines do not prevent infection”) travel widely on social platforms and interact with political identity to lower vaccination intent. The article discusses implications for public health communication and media practice in mitigating the effects of the infodemic.
| 17 |
Author(s):
SREEDURGA MADHU, GOPIKA KB, ARNOLD JOSE.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Defence Studies
Page No:
136-156 |
The Role of the Popular Front of India (PFI) in Terrorism: An Analysis Through GIS
Abstract
Popular Front of India (PFI), proscribed under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, is in a space of complexity between its avowed nature as a sociopolitical movement and charges of extremist engagement. The role of the PFI in terror, with a specific emphasis on Kerala, is the subject of analysis in this study, employing a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) framework to map its geographical footprint, recruitment networks, and hotspots of radicalization. The article follows the development of PFI from its inception in 2006 as a regional coalition to its expansion throughout India, with key strongholds including Malappuram, Kasaragod, and coastal Karnataka. Through reports and investigative analysis, the research establishes suspected connections to international financing circles, militant group affiliations, and the employment of charitable fronts for weapons training and indoctrination. Through the mapping of these activities, this study emphasizes the spatial nature of terrorism and the significance of GIS to comprehend the radicalization, recruitment, and security threat patterns. The research demonstrates how geographical analysis can enhance counter-terrorism efforts by providing evidence-based information on organizational penetration and operational hotspots, particularly in the socio-political context of Kerala.
Keywords: Popular Front of India (PFI), terrorism in Kerala, geographic information systems (GIS), radicalization and recruitment, counter-terrorism strategies
| 18 |
Author(s):
Kaviyanjali S, Dr. J. Khaja Sheriff.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Management
Page No:
157-172 |
Exploring How AI-Enabled HR Practices and Workforce Diversity Impact Job Satisfaction in Chennai’s IT/ITES Sector: The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement
Abstract
As Chennai’s IT/ITES sector continues to evolve at the intersection of digital innovation and human capital development, this research explores the combined impact of AI-enabled HR practices and inclusive workforce strategies on employee engagement and job satisfaction. Leveraging insights from 230 participants comprising both HR professionals and general employees, through a stratified purposive sampling method, the study analyzes the direct and mediating effects of HR technology and workplace diversity on key employee outcomes. Using validated tools, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) and the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS), statistical analyses revealed that both AI-driven HR systems (β = 0.61) and workforce diversity (β = 0.64) significantly boost engagement levels. Engagement, in turn, emerged as a powerful mediating factor (β = 0.68) that links these organizational practices to improved job satisfaction. Specifically, 67% of AI's impact and 71% of diversity’s impact on satisfaction are channeled through engagement. These results emphasize the necessity of integrating smart HR technologies and promoting diversity and ensuring these efforts genuinely engage employees. In a sector fueled by constant innovation, achieving sustainable employee wellness and retention depends on the synergy between AI efficiency and inclusive organizational culture, which play a vital role in fostering motivation, fulfillment, and long-term performance.
| 19 |
Author(s):
Fatima Begum, Pompee Dehingia.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
173-182 |
Ideological Convergence’s and Conflicts: A Comparative Analysis of Gandhi and Ambedkar
Abstract
This paper explores the ideological convergences and conflicts between Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, two towering figures in India’s socio-political and intellectual history. Though Both were committed to the upliftment of the oppressed, especially the Dalit’s, their visions for Achieving social justice and national development diverged significantly. Gandhi emphasized Moral reform, non-violence, and the transformation of hearts and minds within the framework of Tradition, while Ambedkar championed structural change, legal rights, and the annihilation of Caste through rational and constitutional means. The paper conducts a comparative analysis of their philosophies on key issues such as caste, Religion, democracy, and social reform, drawing from their major writings, speeches, and political Actions—particularly the Poona Pact of 1932 and the Constituent Assembly debates. While Identifying moments of ideological convergence, the study also highlights profound and Enduring conflicts that reveal contrasting visions of India’s future. Ultimately, the paper argues that understanding the Gandhi–Ambedkar dialogue is essential for Grasping the foundations of modern Indian democracy and the continuing struggles over Equality, identity, and justice in contemporary India.
| 20 |
Author(s):
विरेन्द्र सिंह चौहान, उत्कर्ष सिंह.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Hindi
Page No:
183-188 |
प्राचीन भारत में वस्त्र और मसाला व्यापार: एक विश्लेषणात्मक अध्ययन
Abstract
यह अध्ययन प्राचीन भारत में वस्त्र और मसाला व्यापार के आर्थिक एवं सांस्कृतिक प्रभावों का विश्लेषण प्रस्तुत करता है। प्राचीन काल से भारत विश्वभर में कपास, रेशम, ऊन और मलमल जैसे वस्त्रों तथा काली मिर्च, इलायची, दालचीनी और अदरक जैसे मसालों के लिए प्रसिद्ध रहा है। पुरातात्त्विक साक्ष्य, यात्रावृत्तांत और प्राचीन ग्रंथ प्रमाणित करते हैं कि भारत का व्यापारिक नेटवर्क स्थल मार्ग (सिल्क रूट) और समुद्री मार्गों के माध्यम से रोम, मिस्र, अरब और दक्षिण–पूर्व एशिया तक फैला हुआ था। इस व्यापार ने भारत को अपार राजस्व और विदेशी मुद्रा प्रदान की, जिससे इसे “सोने की चिड़िया” कहा जाने लगा। साथ ही, व्यापार ने सांस्कृतिक आदान–प्रदान, बौद्ध धर्म के प्रसार और कला–वास्तुकला के विकास को भी बढ़ावा दिया। अध्ययन यह दर्शाता है कि वस्त्र और मसालों ने प्राचीन भारत की अर्थव्यवस्था को वैश्विक पहचान दिलाई और आधुनिक व्यापारिक दृष्टिकोण में भी इनका महत्व बना हुआ है। यह शोध आगे के अध्ययनों के लिए आधार प्रदान करता है।
| 21 |
Author(s):
Rinku Nath, Krishna Kumar Rajak.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
189-200 |
Accessibility and Readiness of Government Schools of West Bengal for Children with Special Needs: An Explorative Study
Abstract
Inclusive education is a fundamental right that ensures equal learning opportunities for all children, including children with special needs (CWSN). Government schools play a crucial role in providing accessible and effective education. This exploratory study evaluates the accessibility and readiness of 104 government schools in West Bengal’s Medinipur Division, selected through stratified random sampling by assessing physical infrastructure, assistive technology, human resources, and training. Using a semi-structured observation checklist aligned with the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016, and UDISE+ 2023-24 NEP structure, data were collected through direct school visits from February to May 2025. Results indicate a drastic policy-practice discrepancy. Less than 30% of schools had basic physical access. More importantly, 72% did not have special educators, and less than 10% used therapists or professionally trained support staff. There was a severe shortage of high-tech assistive technology, which has greatly restricted educational involvement. Although there were isolated best practices, systemic challenges such as a lack of proper infrastructure, human resources, and specialised human resources remain. The paper highlights the high urgency of specific interventions, increased assistance to assistive devices, mandatory and ongoing teacher training on inclusive pedagogies, and strict adherence to the requirements of the RPwD Act. The need to fill these gaps is necessary to convert government policy into practice of providing equitable educational inclusion to CWSN.
| 22 |
Author(s):
Dr. Bablu Kumar Jayswal.
Country:
India
Research Area:
History
Page No:
201-209 |
An Analysis of Ashoka’s Policy of Dhamma as a Tool for Political Consolidation in the Mauryan Empire
Abstract
The reign of the Mauryan emperor Ashoka (c. 268–232 BCE) is distinguished by his propagation of Dhamma, a unique policy of social and ethical conduct. While traditionally interpreted as a manifestation of the emperor's personal remorse and conversion to Buddhism after the bloody Kalinga War, this paper argues that Dhamma was, more significantly, a sophisticated and pragmatic instrument of statecraft. It was engineered to address the immense administrative and social challenges of ruling a vast, diverse, and recently conquered empire. By promoting a universal ethical code, Ashoka sought to foster social cohesion, streamline administrative control, and create a new, paternalistic basis for imperial legitimacy, thereby consolidating Mauryan political authority through "soft power" rather than sheer military might
| 23 |
Author(s):
Sonali Yadav.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Commerce
Page No:
210-219 |
Enhancing Customer Experience in the Telecommunications Industry Through 5G-Enabled Innovative Approaches
Abstract
With the emergence of transformative era of innovative techniques of 5G technology in the country and with the assistance of latest technological trends enhancing customer experience has become an inevitable scenario in the business management techniques. This paper explores how the introduction of 5G powered innovative techniques like use of Artificial intelligence, chatbots, virtual assistants support the businesses in establishing and maintaining a strong customer retention, reducing churn rate and increasing loyalty rate. This has already marked the onset of breaking of traditional barriers of business management practices. The research is based on critical analysis and review of relevant literature and other related case studies that offer an insight into the enhancement of customer experience and satisfaction. The study is based on customer satisfaction survey and the market relevant research findings to prove the positive impact on customer retention and loyalty in the telecommunication market. The findings of the study suggest that providing better and more accurate form of feedback, query resolution in no time, faster and more reliable results, better suggestion for future target, safety and security of personal information of customers. The study concludes that 5G is a revolution and acts as a game changer in the telecommunication industry in the present scenario positioning revolution and ensuring sustainable growth rate, encapsulating a chance to maintain a competitive edge over other competitors in the industry.
Keywords: 5G, Artificial Intelligence, Chatbots, Virtual Assistants, Customer Experience, Customer Retention, Loyalty, SPSS Analysis.
| 24 |
Author(s):
Rajesh Kumar.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Sociology
Page No:
220-229 |
Godna- The Art of Body Ornamentation in Jharkhand
Abstract
'Godna', is a traditional tattoo art of Jharkhand. The study explores its cultural, social, religious, and medicinal significance in tribal communities. It is based on fieldwork in the Ranchi district and interviews with 'Godna' practising artists. Also, secondary sources have been referred to present comparative studies of Indian and global tattooing traditions. The study demonstrates multiple functions of this art. It functions as an identity, as a ritual, as a way to protect against exploitation, and as a healing practice. Artisans, traditionally older women, inserted pigments from soot and coal dust mixed with mustard oil into the skin with thorns or iron needles, making geometric, floral, and symbolic designs. It is considered as a part of cultural norms embedded in life, nature, and spirituality. Mythologies associated with deities Shiva-Parvati, and Yamaraj, facilitate the incorporation of 'Godna' into the tribal cosmology to function as a cultural text. 'Godna' shows similarities with Māori moko tattoos, Japanese Irezumi, and Amazigh tattoos. It forms a part of ritual, medicinal, and mythological aspects of the region. However, modernization, religious conversion, and changing values are limiting the practice to some elderly women and marginalized artisans. Moreover, their tattooing and craft skills are not recognized sufficiently. There is an urgent need for preservation through documentation, reinterpretation within contemporary art and fashion contexts, and for socio-economic upliftment of artisans to safeguard this intangible cultural heritage and the dignity, identity, and resilience of tribal communities in Jharkhand.
| 25 |
Author(s):
Rupa Prajapati.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Commerce
Page No:
230-241 |
A Study of How Amalgamation of RRB Is Contributing in Making India a Developed Nation
Abstract
After the nationalisation of banks in 1969 the faith of the general public in indian banking system has became stronger. Due to cultural problems the farmers of the nation can't get lending from commercial banks in an easy way, even after nationalisation. A vital component of the nation's economic development is rural development. The people in rural area comprises of farmers, landless labourers, artisans, retail traders etc. out of 60% of the total population. The main demographic characteristics of rural areas are socioeconomic backwardness, unemployment, and underemployment. As people in the rural area were facing difficulties while procuring loan from commercial bank. As a result government of India to initiative to establish a bank which could provide loans on easy terms to the people of rural area, such kind of bank were known as Regional Rural Bank(RRB). These banks were formed under the Regional Rural Banks Act in 1976 as state-sponsored, regionally based, and rurally orientated organisations, with any one commercial bank serving as the sponsor bank. The indian government began recapitalising the RRBs along with a number of other policy reforms to give them operational independence for boosting their operations and profitability after the RRBs had financial challenges within 20 years. In order to make the functioning of the RRB more effective, The first phase of amalgamation was started in September 2005. After the amalgamation of Regional Rural Banks in India, there has been a rise in advancements in the priority sector. Further, there was a surge in deposit mobilisation from Rs. 64,195 crores in 2006 to Rs. 6,07,540 crores in 2023. RRBs can be made more effective and accessible to a wider audience with the aid of technology and amalgamation. The present study tries to analyse how amalgamation of RRB is contributing in making India a developed nation. For the purpose of research annual reports of NABARD and RBI is taken into consideration. Additionally, various other published sources will be used in this research paper.
Keyword: Regional Rural Bank, Nationalization, Amalgamation, Rural Development, Agricultural Producers.
| 26 |
Author(s):
Dr. Mahesh Singh.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Fine Arts
Page No:
242-249 |
भारतीय प्रिंटमेकिंग के अग्रदूत: राजा रवि वर्मा
Abstract
शोध सार
19वीं सदी के अंत और 20वीं सदी की शुरुआत में लिथोग्राफ, क्रोमोलिथोग्राफ और ओलियोग्राफ क्रांतिकारी तकनीकी विद्या के रूप में उभरे, जिन्होंने भारत में सामाजिक, धार्मिक और राजनीतिक विकास को आकार देने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई। भारत यूरोपीय देशों खासकर इटली और जर्मनी में छपे इन प्रिंट, पिक्चर पोस्टकार्ड और लेबल के एक बड़े बाजार के रूप में उभरा। इस तकनीक ने कालान्तर की हाथ से प्रतिलिपी बनाने की महंगी और थकाऊ प्रक्रिया की जगह ले ली। भारत में लिथो प्रिंट के आने से पहले, लकड़ी की कटाई, नक्काशी और हाथ से रंगाई की तकनीकें भी प्रचलन में थीं।
विभिन्न देवताओं और संतों की दृश्य छवियां, पूजा के लिए एक साधारण घर में आसानी से उपलब्ध नहीं थीं। चूँकि भारतीय लघु चित्र शाही परिवारों के लिए थे, इसलिए ऐतिहासिक घर और मंदिर केवल कुछ ही कुलीन लोगों के लिए सुलभ थे। क्रोमोलिथोग्राफ और ओलियोग्राफ ने किंवदंतियों, देवताओं, लोकप्रिय मिथकों, ऐतिहासिक दृश्यों और धार्मिक ग्रंथों के उद्धरणों के तेल चित्रों की नकल की, जिससे बड़े पैमाने पर पौराणिक ग्रंथों का प्रसार संभव हो पाया। इन पौराणिक ओलियोग्राफ ने धर्मों को उनके अनुयायियों के एक बहुत बड़े जाति या वर्ग समूह के लिए खोल दिया। इस अवलोकनीय घटना या परिस्थिति ने पूजा की प्रकृति और तरीके को बदल दिया और दृश्य छवि का लोकतंत्र आया।
बीज शब्दः ओलियोग्राफ, लिथोग्राफ, पिक्चर पोस्टकार्ड, पौराणिक, क्रोमोलिथोग्राफ
| 27 |
Author(s):
Ekta Tripathi.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Commerce
Page No:
250-257 |
Boosting Employment and Skilling for Viksit Bharat@2047 (A Vision for Developed India)
Abstract
Employment generation and skilling plays an important role for development of any economy. India, whose population is among the youngest, has the potential to capitalize on its demographic dividend by developing a workforce capable of meeting industrial demands and possessing employable skills. High levels and excellent standards of talent enable nations to successfully negotiate the opportunities and obstacles found in both local and foreign labor markets. The main purpose of this paper is to provide light on the relationship between skilling and employment generation. India is the fifth largest economy in the world, and part of its aim to create 'Viksit Bharat' by 2047 includes equipping its young people with the skills needed to adapt to a changing labor market. This goal was emphasized in the most recent Union Budget 2024–25, which included large funding allocations for programs related to employment, education, and skill development.
The importance of skill development to generate a workforce that is both competitive and flexible is the main topic of this paper. The significance of skilled workers for economic benefits and the requirement for targeted programs to close the employability gap and match skill sets with growing industries are also emphasized. It evaluates and suggests ways to improve government programs like the Skill India Mission and others that aim to create jobs and improve skills. This paper also looks at how skill development would support in generating employment which would ultimately help in fulfilling the goal of Viksit Bharat @2047 (A vision for a developed India).
Keyword: Skilling, Employment generation, Viksit Bharat, Workforce.
| 28 |
Author(s):
Mehak Mangla, Neha Mangla.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Economics
Page No:
258-272 |
The Economic Divergence – Tracking the Growth Trajectories of the Two Asian Neighbours India and Pakistan on a Global Stage
Abstract
The aim of this paper to analyse the growth trajectories of India and Pakistan, the two South Asian twins with an identical colonial past. By delving deeper into the policies pursued by two economies that were born in very similar conditions, this paper explores the impacts of policy implementation and governance on the growth paths. In an increasingly uncertain global setup, it becomes important to understand what constitutes good and bad policy through economic growth stories. This paper uses policy evaluation papers, data, and maps important timelines along with sectors in order to place precisely why the economic paths of the two countries diverged so drastically. Moreover, reforms and current policies being pursued are used to analyse loop holes and the need for future policy reforms. Policy failures described in this paper give a clear overview of the impacts of political instability and external factors on economic growth. The study is not just a guide to what worked and what didn’t, rather it explores the very core of how countries chart their paths at both the micro and macro-economic level towards economic development.
| 29 |
Author(s):
Awadhesh Patel.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Philosophy
Page No:
273-284 |
Recalibrating Morality: A Philosophical Analysis of Disability Ethics in the Smart Technology Era
Abstract
The advancement of smart technologies – from artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, to neuroprosthetics, has greatly impacted human lives, especially for disabled people. These technologies all offer the potential of greater independence, access, and social inclusion (Goodley 2016). For example, assistive devices and robotic prostheses with AI have transformed movement and communication for individuals who experience physical or cognitive limitations (Borenstein and Pearson 2010). Meanwhile, the increasing entwinement of technology in everydaylife also complicates the extent to which such advances truly empower disabled people, or instead maintain ableist values in post- ing normalcy (Shakespeare, 2013).
| 30 |
Author(s):
Dr Neethu Varghese.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
285-292 |
Reclaiming ‘Place’ in the Age of Ecological Crisis: An Analysis of Indigenous Knowledge and Resistance
Abstract
The place is foundational to community, identity and a sense of connection with nature. The contemporary erasure of place, exacerbated by globalization and technology, engenders alienation and detachment from land, emphasizing the necessity of a life-place—a deep attachment to the land and its human inhabitants. The paper examines Valli (2022) by Sheela Tomy and Mother Forest: The Unfinished Story of C. K. Janu. (2004) by C.K. Janu as significant eco-narratives that explore these dynamics within the ecological context of Wayanad, Kerala. The narratives, set in Wayand, Kerala, foreground the forest not merely as a backdrop but as an active presence shaping indigenous identity, memory, and resistance.This study explores how these texts articulate an affective and cultural attachment to the land, drawing from the concepts of biophilia and topophilia, the analysis is further framed through analysing the role of indigenous ecological knowledge in countering displacement and environmental degradation.
Tomy’s Valli, through its epistolary form, weaves a narrative of environmental loss, colonial histories, and the resilience of Adivasi communities. Mother Forest provides a lived account of ecological dispossession and activism. Janu’s autobiographical voice underscores the urgency of land rights movements, illustrating how environmental justice is interconnected to social and political struggles. By engaging with deep ecology and bioregional thought, this paper argues that these narratives serve as eco-critical interventions, urging a reimagining of human-nature relationships. In an era of climate crisis and aggressive resource extraction, these works offer a powerful critique of ecological alienation while reclaiming ‘place’ as a site of resistance and renewal.
| 31 |
Author(s):
Nguyen Thi Viet Hung, Le Thi Hien, Nguyen Thi Ly.
Country:
Vietnam
Research Area:
Cultural Studies
Page No:
293-305 |
Sustaining the Performance Environment of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam in the Contemporary Context: The Case of the “Khap Thai” in Thanh Hoa Province
Abstract
This article focuses on studying the organization and sustainability of the performance environment for intangible cultural heritage in a contemporary context, using the case of the Khap Thai in Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. Based on the theory of performance environment and an ethnographic approach combined with sociological surveys, the study identified the constituent elements of the Khap Thai environment, including space, subjects, content, and practice methods. The findings show that while Khap Thai was originally closely tied to daily life, it now primarily exists in community events and organized activities. The participation of the younger generation is limited, and the impacts of theatricalization, tourism, and policy constraints increase the risk of discontinuity. The study proposes four groups of solutions: re-establishing a familiar performance space, strengthening intergenerational transmission, improving institutions and policies, and promoting digitization in conjunction with the cultural market. This research contributes to completing the theoretical framework for community-based heritage management and provides practical experience for adaptive conservation in the context of globalization and transformation.
| 32 |
Author(s):
Alid Uddin, Sk Appan Ahmed.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
306-312 |
Political Development and the Muslim Community in Colonial Bengal (1909-1947): A Study
Abstract
Political development is one of the important phenomenon in the contexts of political science or political society , where political development of Muslim community in Colonial Bengal is not an exceptions. During the colonial rule in Bengal the colonial masters processed a different developments in that regards. The article explores the political development of the Muslim community in colonial Bengal between 1909-1947, with a particular focus on Muslim political engagement in electoral politics. Electoral politics constitutes a central feature of democracy, functioning as a mechanism for community development and inclusion within the power structure. It ensures the representation of diverse interests, facilitates political participation, and provides a voice to marginalized communities. Electoral politics ensures the representation of diverse community interests in decision-making processes. It encourages active participation in the electoral process by offering voting rights, providing a political voice, and ensuring representation or participation in political affairs. The study assesses the historical foundations of Muslim political engagement in the electoral processes. It also analyses the socio-economic, institutional, and ideological factors that shaped Muslim participation in the evolving electoral framework. By exploring the interaction between British colonial policies and Muslim political aspirations, the study highlights how electoral politics functioned as a space of both inclusion and contestation for Bengal’s Muslim community.
Keywords: Electoral politics, colonial Bengal, Muslim political mobilization, separate electorates,
| 33 |
Author(s):
Raghuvendra Pandey, Dr. Jyotsana Sonal.
Country:
India
Research Area:
History
Page No:
313-323 |
Irrigation and Famine in Colonial India: A Case Study of the United Provinces (1817-1903)
Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between irrigation policy, famine prevention, and colonial revenue priorities in the United Provinces of India between 1817 and 1903. Beginning with the famine of 1837, which triggered the construction of the Upper Ganga Canal, the study traces how canal-building evolved from a limited experiment to a major state enterprise. British officials publicly justified canals as protective works designed to mitigate drought and stabilise agriculture, yet their design, financing, and operation reveal a consistent emphasis on revenue extraction and the promotion of commercial agriculture. Using irrigation commission reports, famine commission proceedings, canal revenue data, and critiques by R.C. Dutt, Whitcombe, and Ian Stone, this paper analyses how protective and productive works were conceptualized, funded, and managed. The paper argues that irrigation policy under colonial rule was shaped by a dual objective: to secure political stability by reducing the risk of famine while ensuring that investments yielded fiscal returns. The introduction of canals expanded wheat cultivation and enhanced agricultural production, but also deepened market dependence and reinforced local hierarchies, as water distribution was often controlled by landlords and dominant castes. While canals reduced vulnerability to drought and created employment, they also produced ecological challenges such as waterlogging, soil salinity, and outbreaks of malaria. By situating canal construction within the wider political economy of empire, this study highlights how irrigation served both as a tool of famine relief and a mechanism of colonial control. These findings shed light on the structural tensions between revenue, relief, and agrarian resilience that defined British rule in northern India.
| 34 |
Author(s):
Ratul Dutta.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Philosophy
Page No:
324-328 |
Importance of Environmental Ethics and Role of the Concept of Ṛṇa and Lokasaṁgraha in Sustaining Environmental Ethics
Abstract
Environmental Ethics is a branch of ethics that studies the moral relationship between human and nature. It emphasized the moral duties and responsibilities of human in protecting and preserving the natural resources. It is because, without nature human beings cannot survived their life. As we fulfill our needs from environment, in return we should also fulfill our duties to environment.
The duties and responsibilities of human beings to nature are very precisely mentioned in the concept of Ṛṇa in the Vedas and the concept of Lokasaṁgraha in the Bhāgawat Gitā. Five kinds of Ṛṇas have been mentioned in the Vedas of which one is called Prakriti Ṛṇa. According to this concept we have some debts to our nature and we have to repay the same. Air, water and foods are essential elements for surviving life and we get these from nature. So, we have some duties towards nature as like we have duties towards our parents.
On the other hand Lokasaṁgraha is one of the prominent concepts of Gitā, which means ‘welfare of the world’. As a part of the society every person has some duties to perform for the welfare of the world and the individual welfare is possible only through social welfare. The world is a combination of three elements namely Human Beings, Animals and the Nature. So, the welfare of the world means welfare of these three elements.
Key Words: Environmental Ethics, Ṛṇa, Lokasaṁgraha, Social Welfare etc.
| 35 |
Author(s):
Gunda Meenakshi.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
329-338 |
Beyond the Gates: A Study Analysis of Reintegration Programs and Recidivism Rates
Abstract
: Recidivism remains a pervasive global challenge, impacting both developing and developed nations. India’s claim on recidivism is approximately 4-6 %, which seems relatively low comparatively, but there are reasons behind, one being that India has a low conviction rate. There’s no one single factor strictly responsible for recidivism. Theoretically speaking, it can be the effect of labelling, social learning, or a rational choice. We can’t push the responsibility solely on one factor. The study posits a crucial link between the design and implementation of in-custody reintegration programs and subsequent recidivism rates.
The study also analyses the efficacy of existing welfare programs. Furthermore, it undertakes a comparative analysis of different criminal justice approaches to managing recidivism, identifying and integrating best practices.
| 36 |
Author(s):
Dr. Pankaj Kumar Mahato.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Commerce
Page No:
339-347 |
Recent Labour Law Reforms in India and Alignment with International Labour Standards
Abstract
This research examines the alignment of India's recent labor law reforms—encompassing the Code on Wages, Industrial Relations Code, Code on Social Security, and Occupational Safety, Health & Working Conditions Code—with international labor standards set by the International Labour Organization. While these reforms aim to simplify legislation and enhance worker welfare, their compatibility with ILO conventions remains a subject of critical scrutiny. The analysis reveals a mixed alignment: the Code on Wages and Code on Social Security show broad intent towards international norms, yet face challenges in implementation and adequacy. Conversely, the Industrial Relations Code and the OSH Code exhibit partial alignment, particularly due to restrictions on fundamental rights like freedom of association and collective bargaining and weak enforcement mechanisms. India's non-ratification of several core ILO conventions further highlights potential divergences. This study identifies critical gaps and underscores the need for enhanced convergence between India's legislative framework and global labor principles to ensure decent work and robust worker protection.
| 37 |
Author(s):
Manoj Kumar Teotia, Deepika.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Sociology
Page No:
348-365 |
Municipal Digitisation and E-governance in North-Western India: Emerging Issues and Alternatives (Some Evidences from Recent Studies)
Abstract
This paper critically examines the trajectory and impact of municipal digitisation and e-governance reforms under the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) in North-Western India, with empirical insights from Shimla, Srinagar, Dehradun, and selected towns in Punjab. Against the backdrop of rapid urbanisation and infrastructural deficits, the paper explores how digital interventions have reshaped service delivery, citizen engagement, and governance efficiency using some study-based evidences. Using a mixed-method approach including surveys, focus group discussions and stakeholder interviews, the research reveals high user preference for online services (89.6%) and significant gains in transparency, convenience and administrative responsiveness. However, it also uncovers persistent challenges such as low awareness (only 22.7% aware of AMRUT components), digital divides, infrastructural gaps and limited institutional capacity. The paper argues that while AMRUT has catalyzed meaningful reforms, achieving inclusive and sustainable urban governance requires deeper citizen-centric design, multilingual platforms, robust monitoring and capacity building. The findings contribute to policy discourse on digital public infrastructure and its alignment with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), offering strategic recommendations for scaling e-governance across diverse urban contexts.
| 38 |
Author(s):
R. Jennifer, Dr. G. Parimalarani.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Management
Page No:
366-383 |
Success Factors of Women Entrepreneurs in Chettinad Snack Businesses: A Qualitative Study in Karaikudi
Abstract
The Chettinad region in Tamil Nadu, India, is renowned for its rich cultural heritage and bold flavours, and its meticulously prepared cuisine has been established as a prominent destination for culinary tourism. This has established the region as a prominent destination for culinary tourism. In this sector, female business owners have significantly contributed to economic growth. Women entrepreneurs successfully operate snack businesses that symbolize Tamil Nadu’s cultural identity, combining their unique attributes to preserve traditions while simultaneously uplifting their families and communities. The process of gathering data involved conducting detailed and semi-structured interviews with a group of ten individuals, using a convenience sampling method. The interviews were conducted both in person and via telephone in Tamil and English. Before conducting the interviews, the study's objectives were thoroughly communicated to the participants. With their consent, each session, lasting between 30 to 60 minutes, was recorded and subsequently transcribed in English. NVivo software was utilized to examine the data and identify common themes. The research indicated that the family support is essential for women entrepreneurs to thrive. In addition, participants with higher education and experience were more willing to take the propensity and were better engaged in digital marketing.
Keyword: Women Entrepreneurs, Chettinad, Traditional, Tourism, Digital marketing
| 39 |
Author(s):
Sonali Awasthi, Dr. Kumar Amit.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Geography
Page No:
384-392 |
Family Welfare Program Adaptation Awareness in Kanpur Nagar: A Geographical Study
Abstract
According to the geographical analysis, this abstract will examine the large disparities in the number of people that are aware of and can receive adoption assistance in urban and rural sections of Kanpur Nagar. The study attempted to establish the key causes of understanding or lack of understanding of adoption and issues that they face when seeking help. First findings demonstrate that there is a distinct gap: the majority of adoption services and information are located in urban settings and therefore, rural residents are much less aware of adoption. City residents can use the Internet and are more likely to get directly to special services. On the contrary, the rural folks primarily rely on antiquated methods of disseminating information which are not as effective. The disparity is further increased by money and education disparities, such as those who can read digital content and the extent of earnings earned by individuals. Negative perceptions on adoption are also more in the rural areas. The research identifies large practical issues such as the distance to agencies that is long and difficult rules that particularly impact the individuals who do not have access to technology. The findings reveal that there is a need to find strategies that suit every region and observe local culture. An inter-combination of the Internet-based tools and offline outreach to the local community would probably be the most effective approach to creating a more equitable and improved adoption support in Kanpur Nagar.
| 40 |
Author(s):
Som Prakash Pathak, Dr. Sudhanshu Mishra.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Geography
Page No:
393-402 |
जैविक कृषि की संभावनाएँ एवं चुनौतियाँ: गौर विकासखण्ड (बस्ती जनपद) का एक अध्ययन
Abstract
प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र का उद्देश्य उत्तर प्रदेश के बस्ती जनपद के गौर विकासखण्ड में जैविक कृषि की संभावनाओं और चुनौतियों का मूल्यांकन करना है। यह अध्ययन रासायनिक कृषि के नकारात्मक प्रभावों, जैसे मिट्टी और जल प्रदूषण, और मानव स्वास्थ्य पर पड़ने वाले दुष्प्रभावों को रेखांकित करता है। शोध में पाया गया कि गौर विकासखण्ड की अनुकूल भौगोलिक स्थिति, पारंपरिक कृषि ज्ञान की उपलब्धता, और जैविक उत्पादों की बढ़ती माँग जैविक कृषि को अपनाने के लिए एक मजबूत आधार प्रदान करती है। हालाँकि, इस संक्रमण में कई महत्वपूर्ण चुनौतियाँ भी हैं, जिनमें प्रारंभिक वर्षों में कम पैदावार, जटिल और महँगी प्रमाणीकरण प्रक्रिया, उच्च श्रम लागत और संगठित बाजार नेटवर्क की कमी शामिल है। इन चुनौतियों के समाधान के लिए, यह शोध सरकारी सहायता योजनाओं के प्रभावी क्रियान्वयन, प्रमाणीकरण प्रक्रिया को सरल बनाने (जैसे PGS), और किसानों के लिए बाजार नेटवर्क विकसित करने का सुझाव देता है। निष्कर्षतः, यह अध्ययन दर्शाता है कि उचित सरकारी हस्तक्षेप, प्रशिक्षण और जागरूकता के माध्यम से गौर विकासखण्ड में जैविक कृषि एक टिकाऊ और लाभदायक विकल्प साबित हो सकती है, जिससे किसानों की आय में वृद्धि होगी और पर्यावरण का संरक्षण होगा।
| 41 |
Author(s):
Dr. Sangita Mahanta, Nahida Rahman Laskar, Ashuaq Mehbis.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
403-412 |
A Study on Market Challenges and Opportunities for Craft Artisans in Hatimara Village, Meghalaya
Abstract
Abstract
The bamboo craftmanship in Hatimara village, Meghalaya, is a significant aspect of the local history and culture. This artisanal endeavor serves as a sustainable job source for the village's women. The craftsmen of Hatimara village produce an array of bamboo products, including baskets, mats, ornamental objects, and domestic goods. All these goods are handcrafted and environmentally safe. Despite considerable effort and expertise, they encounter significant challenges in delivering their manufactured products to major markets. A primary cause for this is the absence of adequate roads in the town, hindering the transportation of commodities to external cities. The town lacks both a warehouse for commodities storage and adequate transportation facilities. Additionally, these artists lack the requisite financial support to advance their work. Nonetheless, there exists substantial potential for advancement in this domain. The government is implementing beneficial measures for these craftspeople. Should the bamboo goods from Hatimara village obtain the “GI tag,” their identity will be enhanced, and individuals will recognize that this distinctive product originates from this community. A GI tag signifies that an item is associated with a specific location and embodies its distinctiveness. Traditional crafts, such as bamboo, are inherently environmentally sustainable, as they need minimal energy, generate negligible waste, and rely on renewable resources (Das & Das, 2021). This endeavor transcends mere tradition and has the potential to improve the rural economy. This research aims to comprehend the challenges faced by craftsmen in Hatimara hamlet and identify avenues for their advancement. With appropriate assistance and guidance, this tradition can persist in the future and generate new employment opportunities for the village's inhabitants.Keywords: Craft Artisans, sources of livelihoods, bamboo craft, market challenges
| 42 |
Author(s):
Manshi.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Law
Page No:
413-419 |
Election Roll Purges and Voter Disenfranchisement in India: Constitutional Rights, Due Process, and Inclusion in Bihar’s 2025 Special Intensive Revision
Abstract
Since the 2025 Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of the Bihar electoral records, which purportedly led to the removal of roughly 65 lakh names, there have been contentious debates concerning voter disenfranchisement and constitutional faithfulness. The roll-cleaning exercise, which was justified by the Election Commission of India as a necessary accuracy measure, specifically violates the rights of the franchise under Article 326, equality under Article 14, and procedural fairness implicated by the constitutional ethos of Article 21. By examining institutional conduct, contested political and media narratives (including high-profile incidents like the Tejashwi Yadav’s name controversy ), and doctrinal legal analysis of statutory prescriptions, the study places Bihar's SIR within larger conflicts between electoral integrity and exclusion.
| 43 |
Author(s):
Dr. Sanabam Gunajit Mangang, Elangbam Bonee Singh.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
420-432 |
A Comparative Analysis of Student Movements in Manipur: A Review Paper
Abstract
The student movements in Manipur are a unique and dynamic kind of political mobilization that has influenced the socio-political environment in the state since the middle of the last century. This review paper presents an exhaustive examination of student activism in Manipur, its historical development, structure, ideological leanings and dimensions against that of other states in the northeast. The paper reviews the peer reviewed literature to gain an insight into how student organizations have come to become an extremely important civil society player in a region with ethnic diversity, armed conflict, and disputed sovereignty. As it can be seen in the analysis, Manipuri student organizations are more concerned with the questions of identity, autonomy, human rights, and ethnic nationalism, unlike student movements in mainland India which are usually concerned with educational reforms or general ideological concerns. The paper will discuss key student organizations such as the All Manipur Students Union (AMSU), All Naga Students Association Manipur (ANSAM) and Kuki Students Organisation (KSO), and how they have mobilized the masses, affected the making of policy as well as the formulation of collective identities. The study, by comparing it to student movements throughout the northeastern states of Assam, Nagaland, Meghalaya, and others, determines general trends of activism around demographic change and indigenous rights, but also showcases the Manipur-specific issues of ethnic fragmentation and militarization.
| 44 |
Author(s):
Devendra Kumar, Dr. Hans Raj.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
433-441 |
Cooperative Learning: The Foundation for Interactive Classroom
Abstract
Cooperative learning is an innovative teaching strategy, in which the students collaborate in small groups to accomplish shared academic and social objectives. The paper specifically examines two prominent techniques: Jigsaw, a method that promotes expert knowledge and shared learning, and Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD), which focuses on individual improvement within heterogeneous groups. Cooperative learning methods like Jigsaw, Student Teams-Achievement Divisions (STAD), Think-Pair-Share (TPS), and Group Investigation (GI) shift classrooms from teacher-centered to student-centered environments. This paper also covers possible drawbacks, though, like uneven involvement and management difficulties. In conclusion, if possible, hazards are proactively controlled, the effective incorporation of cooperative learning, especially through structured models like Jigsaw and STAD presents a formidable tool for cultivating collaborative abilities and enhancing student outcomes.
Key Words: Cooperative Learning, Interactive Classroom, Jigsaw, STAD, TPS.
| 45 |
Author(s):
Shefali Sharma, Dr. Rajat Kanti Mitra.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Psychology
Page No:
442-459 |
Effect Of Perfectionism on Burnout in Early Career Professionals: The Mediating Role of Work-Life Balance
Abstract
Early career professionals (aged 19–35) often encounter a demanding phase of professional and personal development, where ambition, role adjustment, and the pursuit of excellence coexist with heightened vulnerability to stress and burnout. Perfectionism, while frequently associated with diligence and competence, can also foster emotional fatigue when expectations become excessive. This study investigated how perfectionism relates to burnout and whether work–life balance mediates this association. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional design, data were gathered from 130 professionals in Delhi and the NCR region through the Almost Perfect Scale–Revised, the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, and the Work–Life Balance Scale. Correlational analyses revealed that perfectionism was inversely related to burnout and positively associated with work–life balance. Regression results showed that perfectionism accounted for roughly 10% of the variance in burnout, while the mediating role of work–life balance was not significant. The findings emphasize the complex nature of perfectionism and highlight the importance of cultivating balanced professional practices to maintain well-being among emerging professionals.Keywords- Perfectionism, Burnout, Work-Life Balance, Career, Professionals
| 46 |
Author(s):
Pradeep Kumar Tiwari, Dr. Lalit Kumar Dubey.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Geography
Page No:
460-468 |
Impact on Air Quality, Water Resources and Land Use in Mahakumbh: A Geographical Analysis in The Reference of Prayagraj District, Uttar Pradesh
Abstract
In Mahakumbh, Prayagraj District of Uttar Pradesh has had a significant impact on air quality, water resources, and land usage, it’s impact to population growth, industry, and rapid urbanization. This study investigates these effects, focusing on the environmental and socioeconomic implications. Vehicle emissions, industrial discharges, and construction activities have all contributed to increased levels of particulate matter and hazardous substances in the atmosphere. These pollutants exacerbate respiratory and cardiovascular health problems, particularly in metropolitan areas of the main city. Water resources are under significant strain, with unsustainable groundwater extraction outpacing natural recharge rates and extensive contamination of rivers and lakes from untreated sewage discharge. It has severely encroached on agricultural land, diminishing areas vital to security and changing ecosystems. The move from rural to urban areas has raised environmental concerns, such as biodiversity loss, the urban heat island effect, and hydrological imbalances. Government measures to address these issues, such as reviving water bodies and encouraging sustainable land use, have showed promise, but they confront problems such as community participation, security and effective execution. This study underlines the critical necessity for coordinated it’s planning and policy approaches that might limit negative effects while accommodating growth. To balance development and environmental preservation, key proposals include tougher pollution regulations, the adoption of effective groundwater management procedures, and the protection of it’s land. The findings underline the importance of a sustainable development framework that balances economic advancement, security of the people and ecological stability, ensuring a healthier and more resilient environment for upcoming people from the different areas of the country and other people upcoming from the other countries of the world. During the Kumbh Mela, a number of Ceremonies take place; the traditional Procession of Akharas called ‘Peshwai’ on Elephant backs, horses and chariots, the Shining swords and rituals of Naga Sadhus During ‘Amrit Snaan, and many other Cultural activities that attract millions of Pilgrims to attend the Kumbh mela. It is situated in the North Indian State of Uttar Pradesh. Prayagraj is one of the fastest growing cities In India at present. It is located 205 kilometers south of the state capital, Lucknow. It is one of four sites of The mass Hindu Pilgrimage Kumbhmela, the others being Haridwar, Ujjain and Nashik. Every year in the Month of January Magh mela is organized at Sangam, while every six year Ardh Kumbh and every twelve Year Maha Kumbh is organized. It has a position of importance in Hindu scriptures for it is situated at Triveni Sangam, the confluence of the holy rivers Ganges, Yamuna and ancient Saraswati River. Allahabad district has a population of about 60 lakh while Prayagraj city has a population about 12 lakh As per the 2011 census. It has literacy rate is 72.3% and an area of about 70 km. and is 98 mt. (332ft) above Sea level. Hindi, Urdu and English are the languages that are spoken in Prayagraj. The dialect of Hindi Spoken in Prayagraj is Awadhi, although Khariboli is most commonly used in the city area. Bengali and Panjabi are also spoken in some areas of the city. All major religions are practiced in the city. Major tourist Destinations are Anand Bhawan, Chandra Shekher Azad Park, Khusoro Bagh, Akhabar Fort, Nag Basuki Temple, All Saint Cathedral Church, High Court etc.
| 47 |
Author(s):
Abhinav S, Revathi R.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Criminology
Page No:
469-486 |
The Challenges of Crime and Criminal Tracking Networking and System (CCTNS) in Policing
Abstract
The Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems (CCTNS) is a digital policing initiative enhancing crime reporting, investigation, and data management in India. This study assesses its implementation in Sagar City, Madhya Pradesh, highlighting its benefits in streamlining law enforcement while identifying challenges such as software issues, inadequate training, and infrastructure gaps. Key recommendations include improved system usability, cybersecurity measures, and better training. Addressing these concerns will enhance CCTNS’s efficiency, ensuring a more transparent and technology-driven criminal justice system.
| 48 |
Author(s):
Shibani Mishra, Prerna Panda.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Economics
Page No:
487-496 |
Transportation For Transformation: A Case for Bus Rapid Transit for Smart Cities in India
Abstract
The paper makes a detailed analysis of the Bus Rapid Transit System and its immense opportunity for India. BRTS is emerging as a preferred paradigm to plan cities, localities and urban extensions and renew old cities and derelict areas within cities in many countries. It is a cost effective transport infrastructure investment that can usher Transit-Oriented Development for sustainable urbanisation. The paper highlights successful case studies to draw lessons for India. We also outline the challenges faced due to disjoint land use planning and transportation planning in India. In this context, BRTS presents significant opportunities to make India’s urbanization process efficient, inclusive, sustainable and financially viable. In this line, the paper suggests a coordinated transport land-use integration framework for urban development, strategizing on the BRTS.Keywords: Bus Rapid Transit System, Transit-Oriented Development, land use planning, transportation planning, urbanisation.
JEL Code: R42, R41, H54, R0
| 49 |
Author(s):
Antoniadou Elizabeth, Mr. Prokopis Theodoridis.
Country:
Greece
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
497-515 |
Systematic Review on the Theory of Internal Marketing
Abstract
This systematic literature review synthesizes internal marketing (IM) research from 2000-2024, employing rigorous methodology to analyze theoretical and empirical studies and establish clarity in this strategically important domain. Through comprehensive database searches and quality assessment, the review reveals that internal marketing has evolved from a tactical employee satisfaction tool to a multidimensional strategic approach that helps organizations understand employee needs, prioritize development, and enhance communication and teamwork (Huang, 2021), while integrating employee, customer, and organizational foci (Chen et al., 2021). Five factors have elevated internal marketing's strategic importance: growing emphasis on employee experience; adaptive change management requirements; digital transformation challenges; talent retention imperatives; and internal-external customer alignment needs. The review identifies significant gaps in theoretical integration (limited connection with innovation theories), methodological approaches (insufficient longitudinal research), and contextual applications (underexplored public sectors and cross-cultural contexts). Contemporary trends include digitalization of IM delivery, personalization approaches, and data-driven strategies, while persistent challenges involve measurement difficulties and ROI demonstration. This synthesis contributes by integrating fragmented knowledge, revealing patterns, and establishing a research agenda that advances scholarship and provides practitioners with evidence-based guidance for implementing effective internal marketing strategies.
| 50 |
Author(s):
Riddhi Gupta, Dr. Sandhya Bhatt.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Social Science
Page No:
516-540 |
Understanding PTSD in Early Adults: The Role of Humour Appreciation and Emotional Regulation
Abstract
Early adulthood (ages 19–40) represents a critical developmental period characterized by identity consolidation, career formation, and relational development, making individuals vulnerable to trauma-related psychological difficulties such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Emerging evidence suggests that positive psychological constructs, including humour appreciation and emotional regulation, may serve as protective mechanisms against trauma-related distress. This study aimed to examine the relationships among humour appreciation, emotional regulation, and PTSD symptoms in a non-clinical sample of Indian early adults. A cross-sectional correlational design was employed, with 140 participants completing standardized measures: the Humour Styles Questionnaire (HSQ), the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), and the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Nine participants were excluded due to unreliable responses, resulting in a final sample of 131. Data were collected via online and offline questionnaire forms, taking approximately 15–20 minutes per participant. Pearson correlation analyses revealed significant positive associations between humour appreciation and adaptive emotional regulation strategies, and significant negative associations between both humour appreciation and emotional regulation with PTSD symptoms. Multiple regression and mediation analyses indicated that emotional regulation partially mediated the relationship between humour appreciation and PTSD symptoms, suggesting that the protective effect of humour operates, in part, through enhanced regulatory capacities. These findings highlight humour appreciation as a potential cognitive-emotional resource that can bolster resilience and mitigate trauma-related distress in early adults. The study contributes to positive psychology and trauma literature by integrating culturally relevant factors, emphasizing strengths-based approaches, and identifying targets for early interventions in non-clinical populations.
| 51 |
Author(s):
Vanlalremruata Lushai, VL Roluahpuii.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
541-546 |
The Impact of Social Media Usage on the Physical and Mental Health of Government School Students in the Ramhlun Areas of Aizawl, Mizoram
Abstract
The present study examines the impact of social media usage on the physical and mental health of government school students in the Ramhlun areas of Aizawl, Mizoram. The research was conducted among students from government elementary (Class V-VIII) and secondary (Classes IX-X) schools, employing a descriptive survey design. A structured questionnaire was designed to collect data on patterns of mobile phone ownership, social media use, duration of online engagement, and self-reported indicators of physical and psychological well-being. The findings reveal that prolonged and unregulated use of social media platforms is associated with symptoms such as eye strain, irregular sleep patterns, decreased physical activity, and reduced academic focus due to multitasking. Moreover, excessive engagement with online content correlates with increased levels of anxiety, mood fluctuations, and social withdrawal among adolescents. However, moderate and purposeful use of social media was also found to facilitate peer interaction, knowledge sharing, and access to educational resources. The study highlights the dual nature of social media as both a beneficial and potentially harmful influence on students’ overall health. It underscores the need for awareness programs, digital literacy education, and parental guidance to promote balanced and responsible use of social media among young learners in Mizoram.
| 52 |
Author(s):
Tinni Parial, Chayan Adak.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Education
Page No:
547-554 |
Theoretical Perspectives on Skill Development and Competency within Learning Ecosystems
Abstract
This article explores a new way of thinking about how people develop practical skills. It argues that true skill, or competency, is not built through memorization alone but is cultivated within a rich "learning ecosystem." This approach brings together three key ideas: first, that learning is an active process of building understanding; second, that it happens best through participation in a community; and third, that the wider environment, from school rules to cultural values, either supports or hinders this growth. By weaving these perspectives together, the article provides a comprehensive framework for educators and leaders. It concludes that to prepare individuals for a complex world, we must intentionally design these interconnected learning environments where knowledge, practice, and support work in harmony.
| 53 |
Author(s):
Abdul Hamid Sheikh, Rituparna Das.
Country:
India
Research Area:
English
Page No:
555-560 |
From Reading to Awakening: Cultivating Critical Consciousness Through Literature, A Study of George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four.
Abstract
This paper explores the transformative role of literature in cultivating critical consciousness, focusing particularly on George Orwell’s novel Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949). Orwell’s dystopian vision provides a powerful framework for interrogating mechanisms of control, including pervasive surveillance, manipulation of language, distortion of truth, and the systematic suppression of individuality. These narrative strategies are not confined to the Cold War era in which the novel was conceived, rather, they resonate across boundaries, offering a critical lens for examining the dynamics of contemporary societies marked by digital surveillance, political disinformation, and authoritarian governance. Through a close reading of Orwell’s text, the study underscores how the novel functions as a cultural critique that exposes the fragility of democratic values when subjected to manipulation by hegemonic powers. At this juncture, the paper draws upon Paulo Freire’s concept of critical pedagogy to argue that literature operates not merely as a mirror of social realities but as a transformative medium for awakening readers to hidden structures of domination. Freire’s notion of critical consciousness emphasizes the process of learning to “read the world” critically, thereby enabling individuals to recognize and challenge oppressive forces. In this framework, Nineteen Eighty-Four emerges as more than a literary classic; it becomes a pedagogical tool that cultivates critical literacy, dialogue, and resistance. By foregrounding the intersections of Orwell’s narrative with Freirean pedagogy, the study demonstrates how literature equips individuals with intellectual and ethical resources to resist manipulation, question entrenched ideologies, and reaffirm democratic practices. Literature, when taught through dialogic and reflective approaches, fosters not only aesthetic appreciation but also active engagement with pressing social and political concerns.
| 54 |
Author(s):
Priya Das.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Political Science
Page No:
561-574 |
Rupashree Scheme and the Discourse of Women’s Marriage Support in West Bengal: Empowerment or Dependency?
Abstract
This article gives a nuanced analysis of the Rupashree Scheme initiated by West Bengal government to give a one-time financial grant for the marriage of economically disadvantaged adult girls. The article explores whether the scheme functions as an instrument for women’s true empowerment or operates within a framework that sustains economic dependency with traditional gender norms. The paper outlines specific research objectives and questions by seeing policy documents, official reports, and theoretical discussions on cash transfers, gender, and welfare-state politics, and also applies a qualitative approach, and engages with the broader literature on gendered welfare policies. This article also examines the scheme’s design, process of implementation, and its role within the state’s social welfare agenda. The study provides a detailed understanding of the state-led policy interventions to shape women’s rights, roles and opportunities in contemporary West Bengal by linking Rupashree within the wider discourse on welfare and empowerment of women.
